In extreme cases with the structural lesion in the head, throat, or upper two-thirds of the neck relief may be secured by tracheotomy. A more radical operation is that introduced by Günther for the excision of the left arytenoid cartilage. As improved by Möller and others this consists in an incision through the cricoid cartilage and crico-thyroid membrane (or even the first rings of the trachea) and the complete extirpation of the left arytenoid cartilage and left vocal cord. The manipulations belong to surgery. The result is satisfactory in removing the violent dyspnœa in hurried breathing and in very favorable cases in obviating noise altogether. More commonly some stridor remains but not enough to interfere with pace or with heavy draft. From my personal experience in performing the operation, I would recommend it in all cases in which the obstruction is so great as to interfere with the use of the horse on the track, or road, or for heavy draught. But in slight cases, in which the disease causes little or no inconvenience beside the noise, I would advise some less radical measure. Another obvious line of treatment is by the use of electricity locally and of strychnine internally. A weak current kept up for fifteen minutes may be sent from the positive pole in the left jugular furrow to the negative pole over the left side of the larnyx. Strychnia in the dose of two grains may be given daily in the food or in half that amount hypodermically over the left side of the larnyx. This would be useful only in the early stages with little or no fatty degeneration of the muscles. ŒDEMA GLOTTIDIS. Diseases Complicated by this. Seat, Abundance. Duration, Sequels, Symptoms, sudden dyspnœa, swelling of throat, pits on pressure, differentiation from croup. Treatment, cold, ice, astringents, scarification, tracheotomy. This is usually a complication of acute laryngitis, but it may be a manifestation of other forms of local disease—tuberculosis, glanders, purpura hemorrhagica, pseudo-membranous inflammation,—or it may be a result of a more distant affection, like disease of the heart, lungs, or kidneys. As a complication of local inflammation it consists in an excessive serous exudation into the submucosa, around the base of the epiglottis and extending to the whole larnyx and pharnyx. It may thicken the parts by half an inch, causing complete closure of the glottis. In favorable cases it may subside as rapidly as it rose, while in others it may result in ulceration or abscess. The infiltration has usually a clear watery aspect, but is sometimes a dull red. When incised an abundance of serum escapes mixed in certain cases with pus.