Text book of veterinary medicine, Volume 1 (of 5)Law, James
Science
Text book of veterinary medicine, Volume 1 (of 5)
Law, James
Veterinary medicine
=Accidental but healthy Sounds.= These are more loud and frequent in the
ox than in the horse. There is the same irregular rumbling and gurgling
especially on the posterior parts of the chest. Gurgling as from a full
bottle inverted is often clearly heard over the last six ribs on the
left side, and appears due to the passage of liquids between the paunch
and honey comb bag. An occasional sound as of water falling into an
empty barrel is heard in the same region in cases of slight tympany and
after saliva has been swallowed. Rumbling sounds are chiefly heard over
the last ribs on the right side where the large and small intestines are
situated. The superadded sounds in the ox are those of _crepitation_ and
_friction_. The _crepitation_ or fine crackling due to a dryness of the
areolar tissue under the skin is frequently present in oxen in average
health. A fine _crepitation_ is also heard on the left side from the
bursting of myriads of minute bubbles of air generated among the
contents of the paunch during the process of digestion. This is
especially marked after the animal has fed on green food or potatoes. A
loud _friction_ or _rubbing_ sound, which may be imitated by placing the
back of one hand upon the ear and rubbing the palm of the opposite hand
upon it, is likewise heard over the left side after eating. It is
produced by the movements of the paunch during contraction and not being
synchronous with the respiratory acts cannot be confounded with the
friction sounds of pleurisy to be hereafter noticed.
=Sheep.= The diaphragm being attached to the last rib as in the horse
the respiratory murmur may be heard to the second last. The shoulders
being more movable than in the ox the anterior part of the chest can be
more satisfactorily examined. The vesicular murmur is heard along the
whole lower third on the left side though the heart sounds are
superadded over the 4th, 5th and 6th ribs. Crepitation from the
subcutaneous areolar tissue is rarely heard. Otherwise the sounds of the
chest and abdomen correspond to those of the ox.
=Goat.= This animal differs from the sheep mainly in the greater force
and clearness of the respiratory murmur.
=Pig.= It seems ridiculous to speak of auscultating the pig, yet he is
sometimes thin enough and quiet enough to permit of one obtaining
satisfactory results. Gentle treatment and scratching the back and
abdomen will often persuade him to be temporarily quiet and docile. The
vesicular murmur is very clear in the middle third of the chest on
either side, but diminishes gradually on the last six ribs, and
disappears on the second last. It is much less intense in the upper and
lower thirds. In the posterior part of the chest rumbling and gurgling
abdominal sounds are frequent.
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