=Gangrene= or =death of a part= is another effect of inflammation. It results usually from the cutting off of the blood supply through the obstruction of the bloodvessels; by the pressure of excessive exudation in unyielding structures, as in bone, or under the hoof; by implication of the inner coats of the bloodvessels in the inflammation, when the contained blood will clot and obstruct them; or by blocking with the blood clots that have been formed at a distance and washed on in the blood current to be arrested when they reach vessels too small to admit them. Like suppuration, gangrene is associated with and often caused by a bacterial growth. The dead mass remains as an irritant, and is slowly separated by the formation around it of embryonal tissue, granulations and pus. A second form is _molecular gangrene_, in which the cells and minute elements of the tissue die, and are cast off, leading to phagedenic (eating, extending) sores, as noted above under Ulceration. When gangrene occurs on an exposed surface, that may be altered from the normal color into shades of yellow, brown, green, red, or black, according to the amount of blood and the stage of decomposition, and may be cut without pain, if the subjacent parts are not pressed upon; it may be soft, may pit on pressure, may crackle under the hand from the evolved gases of decomposition, and may be covered with blisters (_phlyctenæ_) with red, grumous liquid contents (_moist gangrene_); again, it may be white, as after freezing, or it may be dark colored, dry, and horny, as from ergotism (_dry gangrene_). FEVER. Definition. Symptomatic. Idiopathic. Symptoms. Contagion. Incubation. Premonitory symptoms. Chill, rigor. Reaction, hot stage. Defervescence. Crisis. Lysis. Natural temperature. Fever temperature. Retention of water in the system. Production of waste materials. Typhoid condition. High fever, low, hectic. Treatment in vigorous subject, in weak one. Regimen. Solipedes. Ruminants. Carnivora. Drink. Rest. Clothing. Air. General and local bleeding. Cupping. Warm baths, tepid, compresses, derivatives. Cold. Diaphoretics. Laxatives. Diuretics. Sedatives. Alkalies. Antipyretics. Stimulants. Tonic refrigerants. Tonics. In low fever. No depletion. Judicious elimination. Stimulants. Refrigerants. Antiseptics. Diet. Local treatment of inflammation. Cold. Astringents. Antiseptics. Warm applications. Stimulating embrocations. Blisters. Firing. Massage. Suppuration. _Definition. Whether occurring as an accompaniment of inflammation or independently of it, fever is an unnatural elevation of the temperature of the body, the direct result of an excess of destructive chemical change in the blood and tissues, and more remotely of disordered nervous function._