_Treatment._ It is advised to place the sheep in a warm building to encourage the parasites to come out of their recesses and then introduce some agent to destroy them or to induce their expulsion by sneezing. The value of the hot building is probably hypothetical unless the larvæ are approaching maturity. The following agents are used:—moderately strong solutions of salt, vinegar, carbolic acid, creosote (1 part to 100 parts of water), or carbonate of ammonia, lime water, snuff, or even such irritants as quick lime, oil of turpentine or hellebore. These last must be used with caution as they are liable to induce fatal inflammation of the air passages though no larva is present. By passing a feather up the nostril twisting it round and then withdrawing it some grubs can usually be withdrawn and there is no harm in first dipping the feather in some of the milder agents mentioned above. But the larvæ in the sinuses can never be reached in this way. In dangerous cases it is best to trephine the outer plate of bone covering the frontal sinuse and wash out freely with tepid water, lime water, or benzine. The operation may be performed close in front of the root of the horn if there is one, or to the inner side of the lower part of the eye if there is not. A semi-circular flap of skin is to be turned upward and backward sufficiently large to allow the use of a trephine ⅓ inch in diameter, which is to be used as for _Cœnurus Cerebralis_. The opening being made the sinuse is to be syringed freely for some time until the parasites come from the nose in the stream of liquid. The wound heals very promptly. In the absence of a trephine use a gimlet. _Prevention._ Some turn up a furrow in the pasturage, in which the sheep may burrow their noses and evade the fly, others lay down quicklime in covered boxes which has the further advantage of inducing sneezing and favoring expulsion of the entering parasites. But perhaps the best plan is to procure a log and bore a number of holes in it with a two inch augur; place salt in the holes and smear their margins with tar, and renew it often. The sheep then takes a protective dressing with every lick of salt. =Œstrus Purpureus= (Brauer) is a species which infest the nose, etc., of the Syrian sheep, and =Cephalemia Maculata= (Wedl) one which infests the nasal chambers of the Egyptian buffalo and camel. NASAL CATARRH IN DOG AND HORSE FROM LINGUATULA (PENTASTOMA) TAENIOIDES. RHINARIA TAENIOIDES. Form. Family. Habitat when mature, and immature. Development. Symptoms, sneezing, discharge, irritability, ill-temper, shaking the head, rubbing nose, parasites in discharge. Treatment, injections, trephining. Prevention.