Text book of veterinary medicine, Volume 2 (of 5)Law, James
Science
Text book of veterinary medicine, Volume 2 (of 5)
Law, James
Veterinary medicine
In =cattle= have been observed variable and capricious appetite,
imperfect rumination, tympany, eructations, vomiting, rumbling of the
bowels, constipation, slow painful walk, progressive emaciation and
debility. When blood is discharged by emesis or defecation the suspicion
of gastric tumor may be strengthened.
In the =dog= there are the usual signs of chronic gastritis, thirst,
anorexia, stiffness, a disposition to lie, sunken eye, dyspnœa,
vomiting, often of blood. The discharge of blood by mouth and anus, the
distended abdomen, the tumor usually easily detected by manipulation,
and the progressive loss of condition are strongly suggestive.
_Treatment_ of these cases is hopeless. In the dog alone for a
circumscribed tumor, laparotomy, the removal of the tumor and closure of
the wound may be tried.
ACUTE INTESTINAL INDIGESTION IN THE HORSE. INTESTINAL TYMPANY.
Definition. Causes: Debility—general and local, and its causes,
fermentescible food, legumes, new grain, paralyzing seeds, musty
fodder, defective teeth, jaws and salivary glands, iced water after
grain, verminous embolism, chill. Symptoms: Anamnesis, colic, gaseous
distension, stupor, death, diagnosis from spasmodic colic. Course:
Fatal in two hours, or more. Recovery. Lesions: Distension of bowels
with carburetted hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen, redness of
intestinal mucosa, anæmia of abdominal organs, congestion of cutaneous
and surface vessels. Treatment: Stimulants, antiseptics, enemata,
chloral hydrate, puncture, eserine, pilocarpin, friction, massage,
exercise, dieting, bitters.
_Definition._ A gaseous overdistension of the intestines, from
fermentations in the ingesta, but also in part from air that has been
swallowed, and from carbon dioxide exhaled from the blood circulating in
the intestinal mucosa.
_Causes._ These are to a large extent the same as those of gastric
tympany. General and digestive debility resulting from former disease,
from spare diet, from unsuitable or indigestible food, from anæmia, from
parasites, from hemorrhages, is a potent predisposing cause.
Weakness of the alimentary canal from catarrh, or other persistent
disease, from impaired innervation, from embolism of the vessels and
imperfect circulation also predisposes, or again the lack of vermicular
movement and of the mingling of the digestive fluids with the food,
leaving the latter in a specially fermentescible condition. As direct
_exciting causes_ may be named:
Very _fermentescible food in excess_, such as the leguminous products
(beans, peas, vetches, cowpea, alfalfa, sainfoin, clover) in their green
condition. These contain an excess of protein compounds, which should be
mainly digested in the stomach, and if passed rapidly in large quantity
into the intestines, they fail to be sufficiently acted on by the
trypsin, and are specially liable to fermentation. Very rapidly grown
and aqueous grasses are similarly liable to decomposition.
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