Text book of veterinary medicine, Volume 2 (of 5)Law, James
Science
Text book of veterinary medicine, Volume 2 (of 5)
Law, James
Veterinary medicine
Sulphate and chloride poisonous, less potent oxide and carbonate.
Symptoms: colics, emesis, congested alimentary mucosa, diarrhœa,
cramps, weakness, paresis, anæmia, emaciation. Lesions: white,
leathery, sloughing or ulcerated alimentary mucosa, strictures.
Treatment: emesis, demulcents, tannic acid, sodium carbonate.
The =sulphate= and =chloride= are the most likely to be taken in
dangerous amount, the former being mistaken for Glauber salts. Three
ounces of sulphate intravenously in the horse has proved fatal, or 10 to
50 grains in the dog. In the vicinity of zinc ore furnaces the agent is
taken in on the fodder as oxide or carbonate.
_Symptoms._ There is much abdominal pain, emesis in vomiting animals,
quick pulse, congested mucosæ, diarrhœa, cramps, weakness, and paresis,
and if the patient survives, anæmia and emaciation.
_Lesions._ The mucosa of mouth, gullet, stomach and perhaps duodenum is
white, opaque, hard, corrugated, leathery, sloughing, or ulcerated.
Congestion is well marked. Strictures may appear in chronic cases.
_Treatment._ Give tepid water and tickle the fauces. Use white of egg or
milk freely and mucilaginous agents. Tannic acid, or carbonate of soda
are antidotal by tending to precipitate insoluble compounds.
POISONING BY SILVER.
Toxic doses of silver come mostly from materials used in the arts. The
photographer uses chiefly the nitrate, iodide, bromide, cyanide and
chloride. Taken into the stomach the silver salts are less poisonous
because they are largely precipitated as insoluble chloride or
albuminate. The chloride and albuminate are, however, soluble in
solutions of alkaline chlorides and hence even they may poison.
_Symptoms._ Colic, emesis in vomiting animals the vomited matters
blackening in the light, diarrhœa, great muscular weakness, paresis,
weak clonic spasms, and disturbed respiration. The nervous symptoms are
very prominent (Rouget and Curci). Chronic poisoning produces emaciation
and fatty degeneration of liver, kidneys and muscles (Bogoslowsky).
_Lesions._ Patches of congestion and of white corrosion on the buccal
œsophageal and gastric mucous membrane, the presence of the curdy white
chloride of silver adherent to the gastric mucosa. In chronic cases the
visible mucosæ and white skin may have a slaty color.
_Treatment._ Emetics in vomiting animals. White of egg, common salt
largely diluted and followed by milk as antidotal, demulcent and
nutritive agent.
POISONING BY BARIUM.
Poisonous salts. Symptoms: spasms, peristalsis, defecation, urination,
restlessness, prostration, emesis, weak pulse, coma. Lesions: Moderate
congestion of gastro-intestinal mucosa. Treatment: alkaline sulphate,
anodynes, demulcents.
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