The expression of the face is characteristic. The eye is dull, often sunken, lacking in vivacity and life, the eyelids are semi-closed, the ears do not prick up to sounds, the muscles of the face are relaxed, so that the lips hang flaccid, and the nostrils fail to dilate freely and rhythmically. The animal is apparently unconscious of all that goes on around him, and is not aroused by the entry or exit of men or horses, by voice or slap, by food or water. His head is probably dropped and resting in the manger, and he raises it sluggishly when compelled; when moved from side to side of the stall his legs may retain a position turned outward or crossed one over the other; if energetically roused he wakes up slowly, and almost immediately relapses into his former lethargy, without accomplishing what was called for. When left with legs crossed he often remains so until wearied by the constrained position, or in danger of falling from loss of balance. Not only the legs but the head will retain for a time an abnormal position given to it,—bent, dropped, turned to one side or the other. This same lethargy extends even to mastication, which is usually performed slowly and indifferently, and is often interrupted in the middle of the trituration of a morsel which remains in the cheek, on the tongue, or between the teeth, and perhaps hanging out of the mouth. Hence the horseman’s expression, _he smokes his pipe_. His mode of drinking is no less singular. Usually the lower part of the face is dropped deeply into the water, and he will only withdraw it when it becomes necessary to breathe. He may continue to masticate while drinking. When walked or trotted he may move a short distance all right; he may even hasten his progress for a short distance without refusing meanwhile to respond to the rein, then he may stop and for a short time longer resist all efforts with voice, whip, or spur to start him anew. In other cases he will turn to one side, getting into ditches or fences by an apparently involuntary action and in defiance of whip or reins.