Text book of veterinary medicine, Volume 3 (of 5)Law, James
Science
Text book of veterinary medicine, Volume 3 (of 5)
Law, James
Veterinary medicine
Liver .03 to .10 per cent.
Kidney .03 to .07 „ „
Brain .02 to .05 „ „
Bones .01 to .04 „ „
Muscles .004 to .008 „ „
Professor George Wilson found the lead very abundant in the spleen, and
used it for analysis. He dissolved it in aqua regia over a slow fire,
cooled, filtered, evaporated, cleared, and boiled with dilute nitric
acid. Then filtered and dried again, dissolved in dilute muriatic acid,
and finally applied the color tests. With hydrosulphuric acid it gives a
black precipitate, with sulphuric acid, a white, and with potassium
iodide or bichromate a bright yellow. Or from the solution of the
chloride the lead may be obtained as a metallic deposit on zinc from
which it can be fused into a minute globule on charcoal.
In the _treatment_ of lead poisoning the first object is to prevent the
further solution of lead in the alimentary canal and to carry it off. To
fill the first indication, hydrosulphuric acid or sulphuric acid may be
administered to form respectively the insoluble sulphide or sulphate. As
a purgative, sulphate of magnesia or soda should be preferred, as
favoring at once elimination and the formation of an insoluble
precipitate. Large doses are usually desirable, especially in ruminants,
because of the bulky contents of the stomach and the torpor of the
alimentary canal. If griping is a prominent symptom opium or other
antispasmodic must be added.
In chronic cases, after the evacuation of the contents of the alimentary
canal small daily doses of potassium iodide will serve to dissolve the
lead out of the tissues, while sulphates may be given in small doses to
assist in elimination from the bowels and to prevent reabsorption. The
treatment by potassium iodide is equally applicable, to assist in the
elimination of the lead that has passed into the circulation and
tissues. The doses, however, should in any case be small to avoid the
sudden solution of a large amount of lead which had been deposited in
the tissues in a comparatively insoluble form. The sudden entrance into
the circulation of any large amount of such lead would induce a prompt
return of the toxic symptoms. A continuous exhibition of small doses is
the course of wisdom and safety. The bowels should meanwhile be kept
somewhat relaxed by small doses of sodium or magnesium sulphate. As a
general tonic a course of bitters may be called for, especially when
torpor or emaciation is pronounced.
ALCOHOLIC INTOXICATION.
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