=Horse.= There is manifest change of the nervous and intellectual conditions, which may show itself by irritability or restlessness, by pushing against the wall, by hanging back on the halter, by trembling, shaking the head, neighing, pawing and, in exceptional cases, by rearing, biting or kicking. The pulse is hard and full, the heart’s impulse strong, the beats in the carotids and temporal arteries being especially forcible, and the buccal, nasal and orbital mucosæ are strongly congested. Heat of the head is usually a marked feature. While usually very sensitive to touch, noise or light, the animal may be dull or drowsy, and in spite of its marked sensitiveness, it is then inert or lethargic and indisposed to any active exertion. Freidberger and Fröhner say that the habitual comatose condition alternates at intervals with periods of violent excitement during which the animal pushes or dashes against the wall, grinds the teeth, rears, paws, kicks, bites, etc., and then relapses into the state of coma. When the disease reaches this stage it may be questioned whether we are not dealing rather with acute encephalitis. In active congestion the symptoms are always aggravated by whatever tends to increase the vascular tension in the brain. Active exertion, draught, the pendent position of the head, the recumbent position on the side with the head as low as the body or lower, aggravate all the phenomena and render the animal more helpless. The following table slightly modified from Spitzka serves to point out the distinctions between anæmia and hyperæmia: