Text book of veterinary medicine, Volume 4 (of 5)Law, James
Science
Text book of veterinary medicine, Volume 4 (of 5)
Law, James
Veterinary medicine
_Historic Notes._ Among catarrhal fevers and epizoötics of early times
it is impossible to distinguish this from widespread nasal and bronchial
catarrhs, and from contagious pneumonia (brustseuche), yet when the
epizoötic attained a sudden and wide extension without any direct
climatic cause, the presumption is in favor of the disease now before
us. Hints are obtained from Titus Livius of a Sicilian equine epizoötic
of this kind 412 B. C. This is corroborated by an account by Hippocrates
of a similar outbreak in Greece. Later, Virgil (Georgics), Columella,
Absyrtus and Vegetius give similar hints. In 1299 in Seville horses
suffered with drooping head, watery eyes, beating flanks and anorexia
and 1000 died (Laurentius Rusius). The horses of the French Army in
Germany suffered severely in 1648 (Solleysel), horses in England in 1688
(Short, Rutty), again in 1693 (Webster, Short, Foster) and again in 1699
(Webster). In 1712 horses suffered extensively in Europe (Lancisi,
Kanold) and in 1727–8 in England and Ireland (Rutty), in 1732–3
(Arbuthnot, Gibson) and again in 1736–7 (Short). Other such equine
epizoötics are recorded for Europe in 1729 (Löw), for Ireland in 1746
and 1750–1 (Rutty, Osmer), for Europe and the British Isles in 1760
(Bieset, Rutty, Webster), and again in 1762 (Rutty, Webster) and 1767
(Forster), also in America (Webster), in Europe in 1776 (Fothergill
etc.), in Europe and Asia in 1780–2 (Gluge), in England in 1798
(Wilkinson, White), in Europe and England in 1814–15 (Heusinger,
Wilkinson, Youatt), in England in 1819, 1823 (Field) and 1827 (Brown),
in Europe in 1833 (Prinz, Wilkinson, Hayes, Spooner), 1834 (Hensinger),
1835–6 (Prinz, Friedberger), 1840, 1846, 1851, 1852, 1862, 1870, 1873,
1881, 1883, 1890, 1891, 1892 (Friedberger).
In the United States as in Europe the affection has in the main
smoldered in the large cities in ordinary years, to break out without
obvious cause, in given years into an advancing epizoötic which sweeps
the whole continent. Such were the great outbreaks in Europe in 1881 to
1883, and in America in 1872–3, and 1900 to 1901. The great
recrudescence of the disease in North America in 1872–3 was so
remarkable in its progress and limitations that it seems desirable to
recal its more prominent historic features. The unquestionable
demonstration of the microbe of the affection may make such a record
superfluous, but until then, and so long as books are published which
attribute the disease to the environment, or to the soil, it is not
altogether unnecessary.
PROGRESS OF EQUINE INFLUENZA OF 1872–3.
_Last week of September, 1872._ Toronto, _Ontario_; (30th) and
neighborhood.
_First 2 Weeks of October._ Barrie, Collingwood, Owen Sound, Guelph,
_Ont._; St. John, _N. B._ (13th); Niagara Falls, (11th), _N. Y._;
Montreal (8), Ottawa (12th), Stratford, Brantford, London, _Can._;
Buffalo, _N. Y._ (14th); Detroit, _Mich._ (13th).
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