Text book of veterinary medicine, Volume 4 (of 5)Law, James
Science
Text book of veterinary medicine, Volume 4 (of 5)
Law, James
Veterinary medicine
The normal salt solution, .6 per cent., is sterilized by boiling, and
placed in a sterilized vessel where it is allowed to cool to the body
temperature; then a caouchouc tube furnished with a silver tube at one
end and sterilized as for transfusion of blood, is filled with the
solution and the vessel containing the latter having been placed at a
level higher than the patient, the tube is used as a syphon. When the
liquid flows in full stream the silver tube is inserted downward into
the jugular of the patient and the liquid is allowed to flow in, subject
to the same precautions as regards sudden blood tension as in the case
of the transfusion of blood.
_Prevention._ No country appears to have attempted the absolute
exclusion of the disease or the extinction of the germ by a compulsory
quarantine and disinfection. The nearest approach to this is in Prussia
where in the event of an outbreak of equine influenza, the official
veterinarians and police authorities must send in reports to be
published in the official papers and communicated to the directors of
government breeding studs and to the army authorities. We have here the
germ of an effective system of extinction, for if those in charge of
government horses in an infected country can protect them against
infection, much more could such protection be secured by putting an end
to the infection which is now allowed to remain generalized. Moreover in
our great outbreak of 1872–3, when germ-potency and all but universal
susceptibility were so remarkable, effective quarantine showed the most
signal successes, in the resulting immunity of Vancouver’s Island,
Prince Edward Island, the whole of the West Indies except Cuba, Central
and South America, and isolated districts in Mexico.
Sanitary police in this disease has been abandoned mainly because the
virus is so diffusive on the air that quarantine must be more than
usually comprehensive to prevent extension of infection, and because the
disease is fatal only in a small percentage of cases, so that the loss
is apparently minimized. But a panzoötic like that of 1872–3,
prostrating 1,000,000 horses, asses and mules in the United States for
one to two weeks, and paralyzing the agriculture and commerce of the
continent for that length of time, may well make one hesitate to
supinely accept for all time an evil, which, experience has shown, can
be circumscribed and stamped out. When horse owners, legislatures and
veterinarians can be educated up to the needs of the case our yearly
local losses from equine influenza, and the occasional all pervading
epizoötics of this disease can probably be abolished by the extinction
of the germ on the Continent. To achieve this result an immediate large
outlay would be well spent. In a new generation, or a new century
perhaps, this desirable object may be achieved.
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