Text book of veterinary medicine, Volume 4 (of 5)Law, James
Science
Text book of veterinary medicine, Volume 4 (of 5)
Law, James
Veterinary medicine
From fresh cultures, in flask or in animals, the bacterium grows readily
in alkaline culture media. In _bouillon_ a turbidity ensues, and after
some days pellicles form on the surface and walls, and the liquid slowly
clears. The addition of a little blood serum, sugar or glycerine
encreases and hastens the growth, while acid retards or prevents. This
is common also to other septicemic germs. In _gelatine_ growth is tardy,
but in two or three days there are whitish glistening colonies, becoming
opaque later, and appearing granular if slightly magnified. In punctures
minute colonies form along the line of culture and one at the surface,
at first translucent; later opaque. On _agar_ the colonies grow faster
with similar appearance. On _gelose_ at 37° C. the colonies are blueish
and iridescent, at first, and later opaque. If the germ has been
repeatedly passed through the Guinea pig, they are more translucent. On
_potato_ with alkaline surface, there is a delicate grayish yellow
growth after 48 hours; if acid, growth ceases. In _milk_ there is no
coagulation nor acidification for four weeks; then it becomes slowly
clear and opalescent. With _sugars_ it is not gas producing. With
dextrose it forms an acid solution; with saccharose or lactose an
alkaline one. Cultures in peptone gave a strong _indol_ reaction (V. A.
Moore). Lignieres found no indol in cultures in pancreatic bouillon.
The bacterium perishes when heated to 58° C. for fifteen minutes. It
dies in carbolic acid solution (1:100) in five minutes; in sulphuric
acid solution (0.25:100) in ten minutes; in lime water in ten minutes;
and in sulphur fumes in three hours. Easily destroyed by disinfectants,
it remains potent for months in flasks or buildings that are not
subjected to disinfection. It is not killed by drying (T. Smith and V.
A. Moore) nor by zero temperature maintained for seventeen hours.
The cultures, especially those made in agar have a very characteristic
odor.
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