_Accessory causes_ are important. The predisposing influence of lactic acid, of other organic acids, and of overwork have been already named. Potass salts, alcohol, common salt and the products of proteus vulgaris, or micrococcus prodigiosus increase the susceptibility. Low condition, debility, or suddenly induced plethora have a similar influence. Sudden changes of weather, chills, and particularly the access of hot weather in spring, when the animal is changing its coat lays, the system open to attack. Youth, after the period of suckling, and under three years old, seems to increase the predisposition, though this is largely the result of the absence of a previous exposure. Then impermeable, clay, wet, marshy soils, or those charged with organic matter are conditions of the presence of the microbe. It often appears in spring in connection with the melting of the winter’s snows, the occurrence of freshets, and the washing out of soil infection which would otherwise remain buried. Also in advanced summer and autumn when swamps, ponds, basins, deltas, river bottoms, etc., are drying out and furnishing pasture. Pease records its great prevalence in the rainy season in the swamp districts of the Punjab and North Western provinces of India, and the same is largely true of our Gulf coast states. _Symptoms._ Emphysematous anthrax develops suddenly, the incubation in experimental cases, lasting only for a few hours, and the whole course of the disease does not usually exceed ½ to 3 days. The local swelling may be the first observed symptom or there may be first febrile disturbance followed by the local swelling. _The swellings_ show where the connective tissue is loose and abundant as on the shoulder, quarter, arm, thigh, neck, face, or trunk, and practically never where the areolar tissue is very spare and dense as on the end of the tail, or ear, or on the limb below knee or hock. They sometimes form on the palate, base of the tongue, or pharynx. The muscular system is especially liable to suffer, the looseness of the texture and the presence of lactic acid making a particularly favorable field for the propagation of the microbe. The comparative absence of muscle in the region below the metacarpus, the tail and ear is an important cause of this immunity.