_Pathological Anatomy and Diagnosis._ This is fundamentally the same as in the horse. The bacillus and its toxic products act on the infected tissues to produce clusters of lymphoid cells in a fibrous stroma after the manner of tuberculosis. Like that disease it also tends to affect primarily the lymph channels and glands, showing a particular tendency to the respiratory mucosa and has a great disposition to early coagulation, necrosis, ulceration, suppuration and abscess. The giant cell of tuberculosis is not a prominent feature in glanders, and the disposition to suppuration is greater especially in the human being so that the disease often resembles pyæmia. As in solipeds, however, the glander abscess has somewhat more sanious or glairy contents and the investing wall is not smooth and regular, but uneven and ulcerous from the successive softening and discharge of the clusters of degenerating lymphoid cells in the adjacent tissue. The pallor of the adjacent tissues from exudation and from the presence of numerous nests of lymphoid cells, the thickening of the efferent lymphatics, and the presence of numerous lymphoid neoplasms in the adjacent glands, and tissues, and often in the internal organs such as the liver and spleen and in the nasal mucosa or lungs together with the history of the patient’s exposure to glanders serve to diagnose from pyæmia. From smallpox and rötheln the skin lesions are distinguished by the presence of a central coagulation necrosis bathed in a glairy seropurulent fluid, and by the infiltration and thickening of the efferent lymphatic trunks. It differs from erysipelas in the same way by the presence in the affected tissues of the small hard lymphoid masses of embryonal tissue, and in a more advanced stage by the granular fatty debris resulting from their fatty degeneration. The presence in the affected tissue of these miliary or pea-like neoplasms in all stages of development from the primary congestion, through the embryonal tissue to the coagulation necrosis and caseation or softening is characteristic of the lesions of glanders. The sanious, sticky or glairy pus is especially noticed in the newly opened abscess, as after exposure to the air it is speedily infected with pus microbes, and the discharge becomes less serous and more creamy. Another characteristic of glanders in man is the frequent implication of the bone marrow, and the formation of the lymphoid deposits in the cancellated tissue until the bone may be reduced to a mere friable shell. Even when the disease is localized in the nasal mucosa it extends rapidly, not only to the skin and muscles, but also to the cartilage and bones of the face, so that deep, wide, perforating and destructive ulcers are common. The enlarged ends of the long bones of the limbs are favorite seats of the lesion, and the synovial membrane of the joints and the articular cartilage often bear centres of lymphoid proliferation.