Text book of veterinary medicine, Volume 4 (of 5)Law, James
Science
Text book of veterinary medicine, Volume 4 (of 5)
Law, James
Veterinary medicine
The animal which is to furnish the antitoxin is immunized as in the
Pasteur method by a succession of graduated doses of rabic virus. After
a treatment of 20 days the rabbit or sheep furnishes a serum which is
protective when injected in the proportion of 1 of serum to 25,000 of
body weight, even though its use be delayed until 24 hours after the
introduction of the virus. The sheep can be immunized in 12 days by
doses of 0.25 gramme of emulsion of the infected cord to every
kilogramme of body weight. To maintain the serum at its highest standard
the treatment must be repeated at intervals of 2 to 5 months, as the
animal may be able to bear it without loss of condition.
_Treatment with Sterilized Brain Matter from a Rabid Animal._ In 1886 I
sterilized with heat an emulsion of the spinal cord of a man who died of
hydrophobia and injected two rabbits with 3 one drachm doses each, and a
third with 4 one drachm doses on as many successive days. These rabbits
were afterwards inoculated with virulent spinal cord and remained well
for nine months, while three control rabbits injected with virulent
cord, but which had received no previous treatment died rabid.
Puscarin and Vesesco have shown that the virus is rapidly weakened by
heat up to 60° C. at which point the virulence is destroyed. It becomes
easy therefore to secure in this way a toxin uncomplicated by any living
microbe.
Theoretically the sterilization and use of infecting nervous substance,
should share with the Pasteur method the advantage of the selective
action of the medullary matter in uniting with the toxins and robbing
them to a greater or less extent of their toxicity. It has the
additional recommendation that it introduces no living germ, and thus
obviates any possible danger of the propagation of disease through the
animal operated on.
Fernandez claims an immunity from rabies for dogs that have survived the
bite of a viper. Many facts and experiments are adduced in support of
this.
TETANUS.
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