Eurasians -- Fiction; India -- History -- British occupation, 1765-1947 -- Fiction
Many become so absorbed in thinking of what they call the sins of the
soul, that they have no time to look after the vices of the body. If our
bodies could be kept in subjection, kept strong, healthy and clean, we
need not worry much about the salvation of ourselves, our souls.
Touching the subject of food again. I was much interested in a book on
Honey Bee Culture loaned me by Mr. Jasper, a subject on which I had
never read.
One particular item of importance was the production of queens. There
are three kinds of bees in a family. The drones are the males, large,
clumsy fellows, whose only use is to furnish a husband to the queen.
They are idle, never do any kind of work, but always great eaters, and
like their types in human society the least useful, they make the most
noise, by the loud hum of their heavy vibrating wings.
The workers, styled “the bees” by Aristotle, are neuters or undeveloped
females, of which there are from fifteen thousand to forty thousand in a
colony or family. They gather the honey, secrete the wax, collect the
pollen, protect the hive from intrusion, and manage the general affairs
of the family, the younger members, before they are strong enough to go
abroad, build the comb, ventilate the hive by flapping their wings, and
thus grow stronger, feed the larvæ and cap the cells until they are able
to make journeys outside.
The queen is a fully developed female, the only one in the family. She
is the mother of all, and only meets her husband once, at the beginning
of her life. Her only work or duty is to lay eggs, which she does at the
rate of two to three thousand a day, and during the extreme limit of her
life of five years, may lay one million three hundred thousand eggs to
keep up the family circle. This is small business compared to that of a
queen of the white ants that lays eighty thousand eggs a day! No wonder
that we have such an infinite multitude of these pests!
The making of a queen is peculiar and interesting. Suppose she dies, or
is unfit for duty. There is then great consternation and excitement, for
without a queen or mother, the bees know that their family would be
extinct in a short time, as the workers only live from one to three
months. If a cell can be found containing a neuter egg they enlarge it
to three or four times its former dimensions to form a regal palace.
After the egg has been hatched, which takes place three days after it
has been laid, the bees fill this large cell with what is called “royal
jelly.” This is a delicate, highly concentrated food of a rich, creamy
color, made by the bees eating honey and ejecting it from their stomachs
after it has been partially digested. Floating in this nectar the larva
lives and thrives until after sixteen days from the laying of the egg,
she appears as a full grown, graceful queen, and in a few days takes her
marriage flight, meets her husband and then begins her work of life.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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