Cardia, the, ideas of early writers concerning, 303, 304, 325, 326, 328, 329 Cardiac sphincter, the, 307 Carelessness, the sin of, xvii Carnegie, Andrew, xxxv —— Institution, the, 53 Carnivora, the, do not masticate, 97, 161 Cassava root, 124 Cat, the, experiments upon, 289-293, 299, 303, 307, 311, 312, 315, 320, 322, 325, 333, 335, 337-339, 341, 344, 353, 359, 361, 365, 366, 372, 382, 383-386, 388 Catarrh of the appendix, caused by inefficient mastication, 141 Cauliflower, 99 “Cause and Prevention of Decay in Teeth, the,” Wallace’s, 161 Cavendish lecture, Sir Frederick Treves’s, 140 Cell, a, determination of the metabolism of, 40 Cellulose, 117, 170 Cereals, 78, 84, 146 Ceylon, 128 Cheese, 43, 95; when indigestible, 100, 137 Chemical excitants, the, 268 —— secretion, 259 Chemistry, organic, 62 ——, physical, 62 Chewing, length of time necessary for, xxxii Chicken bone, 166 Chigin, Dr., experiments by, 214, 216, 282 Children, early feeding of, 130-132, 143; defective mastication in, 148; feeding of, 262 Children’s Aid Society, the, xxv, 68 Chimpanzee, the, 115 China, 82 Chittenden, Prof. R. H., conducting the experiments at Yale, xvii, 5; emphasises the want of exact knowledge of nutrition, 53, 67, 68; the Yale test, 69-91. Chop bone, 166 Chyme, the, 346, 360, 362 Circulation, the, stimulated by mastication, 96, 103, 157 Cocoa-nut, 137 Coffee, 132 Cole, Sidney W., 47; his paper upon the isolation of the tryptophane element of the proteid molecule, 47 Colon, the, 363, 364; antiperistalsis in, 365-370; changes when food enters, 370, 371, 372; process of clearing, 373-377, 381, 382, 384, 387, 388 Comminution, 98, 100, 101 _Commonwealth_, the S. S., 69 Condiments, influence of, 261, 265 Constipation, cannot exist, 43 Constriction, waves of, 323, 340, 341 Cooked flesh, requires mastication, 97, 174 Cooking, influences vegetable more than mineral food, 118; effect of, 389, 391-396 Cornaro, Luigi, reformed manner of living of, ix; his autobiography, x, xvi, xvii; Dr. Van Someren’s paper upon his theory of living, 26-46; his treatise on the “Sure and Certain Method of Attaining a Long and Healthful Life,” 28; Addison’s comments upon his work, 28, 92 Craving for food, 256 Cream, experiments with, 38-39, 43 Cuba, xiv, 70 Curr, E. M., 125, 129 D Dastre, Dr. Prof. A., 67, 68 Day, experiments of, 337 Defecation, 373-377 Deglutition, Magendie’s theory of, 284, 285; movements of, 285; divided into three parts, 285; Falk’s and Kronecker’s theory of, 286; the X-ray method in the study of, 287-295; phenomena of œsophageal, 298-300 —— reflex, the, 287 Dental caries, causation of, 161 Dewey, Dr. Edward Hooker, and the “No Breakfast Plan,” 396, 397