Excess, habitual, confirmed by experiments, ix Excrements. _See_ Digestion-ash, the Excretia. _See_ Digestion-ash, the Exercise, necessity of, xxix F Fæces, the, 374. _See also_ Digestion-ash Falk, Dr., 284; theory of deglutition of, 286 Fallopius, on the functions of the stomach, 302 Farinaceous food, 395 Fasola, experiments of, 378 Fat, potatoes need not produce, 21, 78, 79, 80, 85, 86, 95, 98, 100; experiments upon, 271, 272, 274 Faucial tonsils, the, influence of mastication upon, 148 Fear, effect of, 388 Fearthought, 404 Featherman, 123 Fibrin, 276 Flesh food, reduction of craving for, 50 Fletcher, Horace, Dr. Van Someren’s comments upon the case of, 30-31; his experiments confirmed by Marckwald, 46; Sir Michael Foster’s comments, 48; the Cambridge tests, 49-52; the Middletown test, 54-55, 60; the Yale test, 75-91 Flour, 132, 392, 393, 395 Food, mal-assimilation of, x; length of time for chewing, xxxii; Dr. Kellogg’s estimate of amount habitually used, xxxiv; mouth-treatment of, 5; how to masticate and swallow, 8, 9, 31, 32; actual process of mastication described, 32-34; important bearing upon the economy of the body of its treatment in the mouth, 48-49; its function to supply material from which the body derives necessary energy, 72; any excess an incubus, 72-73; classified under three heads, 78; in excess, produces a large amount of unnecessary work, 80; its nutritive value determined by the thoroughness of its digestion, 79; softness of, 129; mastication tends to reduce amount of, 136; should be eaten with interest and enjoyment, 252; passionate craving for, 256; its nutritive value should be considered rather than taste, 261; the acid reaction of, 269; relative nutritive values of different, 275, 276; experiments upon the utilisation of, 275; effect of the movements of the stomach upon, 328; circulation of, 329; experimental investigation of the influence of mastication and cooking of, 389-396 Foster, Sir Michael, xxiv, xxv, 26; his note upon Dr. Van Someren’s paper, 48-52; emphasises the want of exact knowledge of nutrition, 52, 53, 67, 68, 91 Fowls, experiments upon, 299 Fruitarians, the, 90, 397 Fruit sugar, 169 Fruits, 43; under-ripe and over-ripe, 141, 395, 396; usefulness of, 397 Fubini, experiments of, 383 Fundus, the, 317, 322, 323, 324, 325, 330, 333, 334, 335, 336, 337, 340 G Galen, on the functions of the stomach, 302 Gastric catarrh, 249 —— digestion, 309, 316