——, proper, increases gastronomic enjoyment, 22, 46, 48, 60; effects of, 74, 89; Dr. Campbell’s observations upon, 96-173; the effects of, 96; primary object of, 96; promotes flow of saliva, 96, 101; stimulates the heart and circulation, 96, 103; influences the nutrition of the jaws, 96, 103; facilitates swallowing, 97; brings the food into intimate contact with the digestive juices, 98; increases amount of alkaline saliva passing into the stomach, 96, 102; acts reflexly upon the stomach, 102; the muscles of, 104; its influence upon the jaw-bones, 109; its influence upon the teeth, 110; in the preparation of beverages, 123; in the industries, 124; the instinct of, 126; the causation of inefficient, 129; less opportunity than formerly for, 130-133; defective apparatus for, 133; affected by individual differences, 134; tends to diminish amount of food consumed, 136; most effective way to secure starch digestion, 145; effect upon the nasal passages, naso-pharynx, and faucial tonsils, 148; fast becoming a lost art, 157; means of insuring adequate, 164, 389; experimental investigation of the influence of, 391 Masticatory instinct, the, 126-129 —— muscles, the, 104; influence of their contraction on local circulation of blood and lymph, 107, 148 Matri, 128 Meadville, Penn., 396 Measles, 149 Meat, 78 —— broth, 266; an important chemical excitant of gastric secretion, 266, 267 —— extract, 268 —— juice, 268 Mechanical stimulus, great importance assigned to, 257 Medical practice, largely based upon empiricism, 52 —— science, not possessed of final information concerning questions of nutrition, 52 Medicine, ideal only when it can take its proper position, 249; physiology can make no pretence to guide the field of, 251; to what it will at length grow, 251; treats too lightly the loss of appetite, 256 Melanesia, 128 Melanesians, the, 120 Meltzer, Dr., 284; experiments of, 294, 296, 297, 298 Mendel, Dr. Lafayette B., 69 Mendel Pass, _bei_ Bozen, Süd Tirol, Austria, experiments at, 26 Mental energy, 41 —— state, 12; its effect upon digestion and nutrition, 74 Menticulture, physical and mental equipments necessary to promote, 7 “Menticulture,” xxi, xxiv Metabolism, 37; determination of, 40; calorimetric trial-balance measurement of, 54 Micro-organisms, 40; destroyed by acid gastric juices, 41 Middletown, Conn., experiments at, 54 Milk, how to drink, 9; experiments in drinking, 36, 38-39, 78, 84, 93, 94, 268; takes a special position among foods, 272; the three properties of, 273; its relation to the secretion of the digestive juices, 274, 275, 276, 277 —— pudding, 97, 143, 172 “Modern Medicine,” 389, 391 Modoc Indians, the, 123 Moist foods, 97