Saliva, its chemical effect upon potato, 20; upon syrup, 21, 33, 34, 35; its action in infant life, 36; an important therapeutic agent, 45, 93, 94, 95; mastication promotes flow of, 96, 101; dry food produces greater flow than moist, 97, 147; complicated physiological functions of, 191-192, 337, 392, 393, 395, 396 Salivary digestion, in the stomach, 335, 341; effect of mastication and cooking of food upon, 391; imperfect, 394 —— glands, the, 155; analogy between the innervation mechanism and the glands of digestion, 188-190; the exciting agencies of the nervous mechanism of, 191; their particular properties, 191-194; differences between the exciting agencies of the different, 194-198; Professor Pawlow’s sham-feeding experiment, 198-211, 280 —— secretion, excitants of, 191 Sapidity, 44 Sauces, 269 Schäfer, 40, 82 Schmidt, experiments of, 202, 204, 231; conditions for success, 204-206 Schütz, experiments of, 305, 308, 309, 310, 311, 313, 314, 327, 332 Schwartz, experiments of, 303, 304 Scientific Assessors, Board of, 67, 68, 181 Secretions, digestive, 180 Secretory fibres, 183 —— nerves, 266 Segmentation, 386, 388 Selection, of nutriment, 7 Self-nutrition, secret of, xii Sensory nerves, 187 Sham feeding, experiments in, 198-211, 214-246; psychic effect may become an absolute and independent factor in, 209, 279 Sheffield Scientific School, the, experiments at, 53, 68 Sight, the sense of, 210 Sivén, experiments of, 81 Skatol, the odourous, 47 Sleep, exercises no restraining influence upon the gastric glands, 206; effect of, 383-386 Smell, the sense of, 210 Snyder, Dr., experiment in nutritive equilibrium, 37-38 Société de Biologie, the, 46 Sodium, salts of, 277; promote a flow of gastric juice, 277, 278, 279, 281, 282 Soft foods, 97, 129, 136, 142, 160, 162 Solid foods, 94, 268 Solray Sociological Institute, the, 68 Sorbonne, Universitie de la, 68 Soups, 266, 267 South Africa, 11 —— America, 124 “Spectator,” the, 28 Sphincter, the, 315, 316, 317, 331, 333, 341 Spinach, 99 Spirits, 93, 94 Ssanozki, Professor, experiments of, 203, 228 Starch, needed by body, 20, 21, 78, 98; changed into maltose, 101, 102; danger to the stomach in receiving an excess of, 141-146; the last constituent to leave the stomach, 145, 170, 171, 172, 270, 337, 393, 395, 396; Starling, experiments of, 343, 344, 345, 346, 359 Stews, 266