General Naselli was apparently only arrogant and incapable. The King
and Mack were not so fortunate as we; for half their officers were
traitors, one general going over to the enemy in action and being shot
by one of his own men in so doing. The French were not in force in
Rome, though five hundred of them contrived to throw themselves into
the strong castle of St. Angelo, which the Neapolitan army was quite
incapable of taking. So there was more blowing of trumpets while the
King made his triumphal entry, and Mack, flushed with his bloodless
victory, went off after the main body of the French, thirteen thousand
strong, who were in the fortress of Castellana. Whatever _morale_ his
army had he ruined by his ignorance of the first principles of war. He
made them march double the distance over heavy roads in wet weather
which, good marchers as they were, they should have been asked to do
in fine weather; and, thus demoralised, he brought them face to face
with an army who were veteran soldiers, while they were mere citizens
in uniform. They hardly made any show of fighting. The Admiral has
placed it on record in one of his letters that the Neapolitan soldier
never contemplates fighting, and begins to think of severing his
connection with the army whenever the guns are loaded. Still Mack's
force did all the fighting there was in the campaign. Out of twenty
thousand, a thousand were killed, and nine hundred wounded, not to
mention ten thousand prisoners. The Admiral wrote to Captain
Troubridge: "It is reported that the Neapolitan officers and many of
their men are run away even at sight of the enemy." Another body of
nineteen thousand were put to flight by a French corps of three
thousand after they had lost but forty men; and the French,
proclaiming them beneath pursuit, contented themselves with taking
possession of their camp and cannon and treasure chest. The fugitives
poured back to Naples, and the Royal Family prepared for the worst.
Now, with its army and artillery intact, Naples might have defied the
French, for it had vast numbers of fierce _lazzaroni_--the rough
people of the street--passionately attached to their King, capable in
their steep narrow alleys, and in the extremely rugged districts round
Naples, of maintaining a most formidable guerilla warfare. It should
have been the Queen's policy to tempt the French to invade, and to
have kept her regular army in reserve while the enemy were harassed by
irregulars. But without a regular army to keep the French at bay while
the guerillas were doing their work, even a fearless commander like
the Admiral saw that nothing could prevent the capital falling, in
spite of the English ships in the harbour.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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