This is the prelude to other visits and little by little her will yields to that of the sorcerer and the suggestions that he has implanted in her subconscious mind begin to take effect. If he is a daring scoundrel, his domination may take any form. Unconscious that she is not acting of her own free will, she may yet be brought to place at his disposal everything and anything that he may require of her. He has invoked no spirit aids, but has caused the powers of hypnotism and suggestion, taking advantage of the light condition of hypnosis induced by the crystal-gazing. Police and press persecutions of the Seers of Bond Street are not altogether unjustified in many cases. The real facts may not be brought out at the court, owing to the shame that publicity would inflict upon the dupes, but the prosecution is, in nine cases out of ten, justifiable. The class of petty criminals above mentioned are again not true sorcerers, in that they only use occult natural forces, summoning to their aid no spirit attributes. In the lowest grade of the sorcerers we find the necromancers. There are still a few of these in Paris and latterly there was one in the West Country. It depends on the individual operator how much of his ceremonial is for the purpose of inducing suggestibility or partial hypnosis and how much is for the direct evocation of evil spirits. Very often the necromancer himself is deluded enough to confuse natural with supernatural power. There is a certain class of spirits to whom the ancients gave the name of Lemures. These can be semi-materialized, made visible, and bound to service by a comparatively simple ritual, for in place of needing the material vehicle of ectoplasm, extended by a materializing medium, they can take shape from the emanations of warm blood. This vital fluid plays an important part in all magical ceremony. We find mention of it from the days when Ulysses poured blood and wine into a trench to call up the spirits before he went down into hell. In the dark history of Gilles de Retz[27] the blood ritual is seen in all its ghostliest fluorescence. The calabash of blood of the “white goat” is essential in obi and voodoo magic, and blood, fresh blood, not necessarily but preferably human, is used by the necromancer of to-day. Those learned in occult matters will readily perceive the precious function that blood emanations exercise, but on the contrary, the man of science and the psychologist will not be able to understand the part that blood plays in this peculiar alchemy. It must be clearly understood that experiment of this nature is extraordinarily perilous and that any attempt at necromancy by students whose knowledge is insufficient can have none but disastrous results.[28]