English literature -- 18th century -- History and criticism; Pope, Alexander, 1688-1744
'Deists and freethinkers are generally considered as
unbelievers; but upon examination they will appear to be men of
the most resigned and implicit faith in the world; they would
believe _transubstantiation_, but that it implies a believing in
God; for they never resign their reason, but when it is to yield
to something that opposes salvation. For the Deist's creed has
as many articles as the Christian's, and requires a much greater
suspension of our reason to believe them. So that if to believe
things upon no authority, or without any reason, be an argument
of credulity, the freethinker will appear to be the most easy,
credulous creature alive. In the first place, he is to believe
almost all the same articles to be false which the Christian
believes to be true.
'Now, it may easily be shown that it requires stronger acts of
faith to believe these articles to be false, than to believe
them to be true. For, taking faith to be an assent of the mind
to some proposition, of which we have no certain knowledge, it
will appear that the Deist's faith is much stronger, and has
more of credulity in it, than the Christian's. For instance, the
Christian believes the resurrection of the dead, because he
finds it supported by such evidence and authority as cannot
possibly be higher, supposing the thing was true; and he does no
more violence to his reason in believing it, than in supposing
that God may intend to do some things, which the reason of man
cannot conceive how they will be effected.
'On the contrary, the Deist believes there will be no
resurrection. And how great is his faith, for he pretends to no
evidence or authority to support it; it is a pure naked assent
of his mind to what he does not know to be true, and of which
nobody has, or can give him, any full assurance. So that the
difference between a Christian and a Deist does not consist in
this, that the one assents to things unknown, and the other does
not; but in this, that the Christian assents to things unknown
on account of evidence; the other assents to things unknown
without any evidence at all. Which shows that the Christian is
the rational believer and the Deist the blind bigot.'
It is probable that Law, like other writers on the orthodox side, did
not sufficiently take into account the service rendered by the Deists in
arousing a spirit of inquiry. Free-thinking is right thinking, and 'it
was a result of the Deistic controversy, which went far to make up many
evils in it, that in the end it widened and enlarged Christian
thought.'[64]
The author's next and weakest work, _On the Unlawfulness of Stage
Entertainments_ (1726), is mentioned elsewhere.[65]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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