Until 1907 no separate statement was furnished indicating the quantity of rubber actually originating from the Northern Provinces; the whole produce leaving the country by the Southern Nigerian ports made it difficult to ascertain this. The following imperfect records show, however, that the production was of significant extent: 1905. The value of the rubber exported by two of the leading firms in the Northern Provinces was estimated at £101,207. 1906. The amount exported in the second half-year was given as 556,701 lbs., valued at £34,344. The year’s exports were said to be 574 tons. Estimating the whole at the same proportionate value as that given for the second half-year we have: 1906. 1,283,520 lbs. £79,185 1907. 1,187,588 lbs. £91,074 The decrease in recent years is accounted for by the fall which occurred in the price of rubber, but is probably partly due to the extermination of the vines by the wasteful process of preparing root rubber. =Sources.=—The following are the trees and plants which have been used for extracting rubber:— 1. _Funtumia elastica_.—This is only found in a wild state in Southern Kabba and Bassa Provinces, and is recognised under the Yoruba name of “Ire.” Small pieces of fairly well-prepared rubber from this tree are occasionally brought in to Lokoja for sale. 2. _Landolphia sp._ (probably _owariensis_).—A clean “red nigger” rubber is sold, and is probably obtained from this species. It is generally of good quality, but not plentiful. It appears to be collected as a scrap rubber, and is made up in small irregular balls. 3. _Landolphia sp._—“Root rubber,” termed locally “Attifufu,” and called by the trade “Brown cluster” or “Brown medium.” It is probable that several species of vines are used for this, which is not necessarily prepared from the root alone, the whole stem being pounded up. This seems to represent the commonest form of Northern Nigerian rubber, the preparation of which was at one time prohibited. 4. _Landolphia florida_ or _Thompsonii_ (?).—“Paste rubber,” called locally “Ebo,” is prepared from the latex of these vines by boiling with the admixture of “wood oil,” or the resinous exudation of _Daniellia thurifera_, until it reaches the consistency of bird-lime, when it is only capable of being handled in water, in which state it is sold to the merchants, who accumulate it in casks for shipment. It is inferior in quality, and only capable of export for cheap manufactures. 5. _Carpodinus hirsutus_.—“Flake rubber,” called “Aribedda,” is said to be the product of this vine, which grows commonly in Bassa. It is without resiliency and somewhat resembles the exudations of some of the species of Ficus.