Little, when the young Emperor undertook the task of unifying churches,
could he have imagined the magnitude of the task, or the reason of
the opposition. As we have said, this opposition came from the fact
that an entirely different system of religion held sway. To-day we
would call the Roman system natural religion and Antonine’s conception
dogmatic truth. He ascribed too much to his God, which is no uncommon
failing amongst the credulous; probably he claimed a revelation from
on high, and was inclined to consign those who disagreed with him to
that special limbo which the ignorant have reserved for all those who
make them look foolish, for all that spells truth contrary to their own
limited imaginings; if so, he would not have been unusual. The genius
of natural religion is that it is comprehensive, tolerant, righteous
and just. It has no dogma save the individual experience of each. The
genius of dogmatic religion lies in the assumption to itself of absolute
exclusiveness; it alone contains truth, and in its later editions,
finality as well. Whether Antonine’s form included this latter pretension
we do not know, certainly it claimed what no Roman thinker could accord
to any faith under the sun—the proposition that God was one and God was
supreme. The Roman had been bred on Pyrrho, Epicurus, Lucretius, and
Cicero, and was more inclined to postulate that God was the cosmic entity
of spirit, something as potent as, if not analogous to, the entity of
electricity in modern science. He had no relations with the older deities
who had made life terrible by their persecutions of the human race, and
had no desire to submit himself again to a system which would erect
fright into yet another national deity. He had long since grown weary
of trying to propitiate infinity, and now understood that he might as
well sacrifice to the animals in the Zoological Gardens, in the hope of
staying their hunger, as make oblation to the deities in the expectation
of a return in kind.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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