Amongst the “facts” recorded by Lampridius concerning this period, we
have two mutually exclusive statements concerning the admission of the
Emperor’s mother and grandmother to the Senate, and their governmental
position in the State. The first (in Sec. 4) states that at the very
first meeting of that august assembly Antonine sent for his mother; that
on her arrival he called her to take a place alongside the Consuls; and
that with them she signed decrees, Senatus Consulta, and other documents,
an enormity which no other woman had ever perpetrated, and which was
certainly never heard of again. He finishes with the remark that she
obtained the title of Clarissima, the only woman who has ever had this
honour conferred upon her—altogether a most circumstantial account.
A few sections farther on (Sec. 12) he recounts how Antonine always took
his grandmother Varia with him whenever he went to the camp or to the
Senate, in order to give him the authority and dignity which he lacked,
adding, that before her no woman had been admitted into the Senate either
to give her opinion or append her signature. It is significant, by the
way, that Varia never was and never could have been Maesa’s name—so much
for Lampridius’ ignorance of the family history.
Now, either Antonine took one, both, or neither; Lampridius says
both—each to the exclusion of the other, as each was first, each the only
woman, but Soaemias was alone Clarissima. Cannot one see the jealous
wrath of the grandmother, the real politician, at the promotion of her
absolutely incapable daughter over her head by means of that coveted
title (a title, by the way, which would have bored Soaemias’ temperament
inexpressibly), while she was relegated to an inferior position?
The only conclusion to be drawn is that which is recorded by _all_ the
inscriptions, namely, that Maesa was the predominant factor, since her
name always occurs first where she and Soaemias are mentioned together.
Maesa, in all probability, did slip into the Senate; she would have
appreciated the dignity of the position enormously, and the fact would
give a basis to some story or other that had got about. Antonine would
certainly have had no objection; the Senate was no longer the government
properly so called; Maesa could do no harm there, and it would be a sop
to her for the small power she was exercising in the actual development
of events.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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