The latter-day names of Mayan ruined buildings are usually
unsatisfactory, and perhaps those of Uxmal are the most unsatisfactory
of any. Taking the pyramid first, as being at once the largest and the
most prominent feature of the ruined group, we find it to consist of a
mound upwards of 80 feet high, 240 feet at the base and 160 feet wide.
The platform-top of the pyramid measures about 23 feet by 80. The
pyramid is built of rough stone and rubble, and was faced with stones
flat-hewn, some of which are still in position. On the east side a
stairway, steeper than that of Chichen, ascends to the top. The pyramid
is crowned with a temple which measures some 70 feet by 12 and is
three-roomed. This castillo at Uxmal is distinguished from those at
Chichen and elsewhere by a unique feature, namely the building-out of a
small edifice or temple some 20 feet below the level of the platform
summit of the mound, and having its roof level with it. This building
stands on a projecting platform of its own, on the west side of the
pyramid, and originally communicated with the ground by a stairway 24
feet wide. It has one doorway, and its façade is more richly ornamented
than that of any other building in the group, notable being the colossal
"snouted mask" over the doorway. This rests upon a pedestal with two
jaguar heads looking each way. The door lintels are sapota beams, which
are to-day still in their places, as they were when Stephens visited the
city in 1842.
Separated from the pyramid by what appears to have been a small
courtyard, is the Nunnery, a group of four buildings roughly forming a
quadrangle, with passage-way at the corners; really four distinct
buildings forming the sides of a large courtyard. Three of these
edifices present a solid front externally, while that on the south, 279
feet long, has as its centre a gateway spanned by an arch, 10 feet 8
inches wide and some 15 feet high. The whole four buildings, though on
slightly different levels, may be roughly said to stand on a terrace
some 300 feet square. All the buildings have the walls plain and the
entablature elaborately sculptured. That on the east had a centrepiece
above the cornice; while that on the north was adorned with a false
front, consisting of a series of triangular gables. In the scheme of
decoration, the most notable features are the so-called snouted mask,
which we found at Chichen, and the feathered serpent design. Between the
Nunnery and the Castillo Stephens found what he called the House of
Birds, because of its exterior being ornamented with rude
representations of feathers and birds. To the south of the Nunnery
quadrangle still stand the ruined walls of what was a tennis-court, such
as we have described and illustrated at Chichen. Still further south
stands the Governor's Palace, about 300 feet long, 40 feet wide, and
some 25 feet high. It has eleven doorways in front and one at each end.
The interior is longitudinally divided into two corridors which are in
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