It is clear, from what has preceded, that when the pole changer is thrown to the left side, (the machine being in operation,) the fluid is made to pass in the direction of the arrows, shown at P and N. Then the N′ pole of the left hand magnet advances with its pen, K′, to the paper, E, and a dot is made, and the S′ pole of the right hand magnet recedes with its pen, H, from the paper, until the other end of the magnet strikes the stop, V′. Now, if the letter to be formed, requires two dots in succession from the same pen, the circuit is broken, and the fixed magnets, N and S, bring back the deflecting magnets, D′ and D′, to their former position, when the pole changer is again thrown to the left, and the magnets are deflected in the same manner as at first. Thus two dots are marked upon the paper, on the right hand line. But, now, let the pole changer be thrown to the right hand side, and the current is reversed. The N′ pole of the left hand magnet, with its pen, K, recedes from the paper until it strikes the stop, V, and the S pole of the right hand magnet, with its pen, H′, advances to the paper and makes its dot upon it on the _left_ hand line. The pole changer is then instantly brought to the middle position, and the magnets resume their natural place, by the assistance of the stationary magnets, N and S. The sign which has been marked upon the paper during this operation is ··   · and represents 9. The following represents Mr. Steinheil’s telegraphic alphabet: · ·· · ·· ·· ···· · · · · · · · ·  · · · · ···· · · ·· ·· A B D E F G H CH SCH I K L ··· ·· ·  · ·· · · · · · ·· ··· ·· ·· ·· · · · · ·· M N O P R S T V W Z ··· · ·· ·· · ··· · · · · ·· · · · · ··· · ·· ·· · ··· · ··· 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 _Masson’s Electric Telegraph._ “In 1837, M. Masson, Professor of Philosophy at Caen, made trial of an electric telegraph, at the college of that city, for a distance of about 600 metres. He employed, for developing the galvanic current, an electro magnetic apparatus, similar, on the contrary, to that of Mr. Pixii, and made it act on magnetic needles placed at two ends of the circuit. Since that time, however, M. Masson has endeavoured to simplify and gradually improve his apparatus.”[33] [33] Report of the Academy of Industry, Paris, 1839. _Davy’s Needle and Lamp Telegraph._ The following extracts from the London Mechanic’s Magazine, vol. 28, page 296 and 327, 1837, is all the description we are able to find in relation to it: