The American Indian as Slaveholder and Seccessionist: An Omitted Chapter in the Diplomatic History of the Southern ConfederacyAbel, Annie Heloise
History
The American Indian as Slaveholder and Seccessionist: An Omitted Chapter in the Diplomatic History of the Southern Confederacy
Abel, Annie Heloise
Indian Territory; Slavery -- United States; United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865
The Bureau of Indian Affairs ... has been organized.... So far this
Bureau has found but little to do. The necessity for the extension of
the military arm of the Government toward the frontier, and the
attitude of Arkansas, without the Confederacy, have contributed to
circumscribe its action. But this branch of the public service
doubtless will now grow in importance in consequence of the early
probable accession of Arkansas to the Confederacy; of the friendly
sentiments of the Creeks, Cherokees, Choctaws, and Chickasaws, and
other tribes west of Arkansas toward this Government; of our
difficulties with the tribes on the Texas frontier; of our hostilities
with the United States, and of our probable future relations with the
Territories of Arizona and New Mexico.--Extract from the Report of
Secretary Walker to President Davis, April 27, 1861 [_Official
Records_, fourth ser., vol. i, 248].
[210] Davis would have preferred to have had Toombs for secretary of the
treasury [Rhodes, _History of the United States_, vol. iii, 295, _note_
7].
[211] _Journal_, vol. i, 105.
[212] Both Pike and Toombs reached in time the thirty-second degree, or
Scottish Rite. Note Pike's glowing tribute to Toombs, quoted in
Richardson, _Messages and Papers of the Confederacy_, vol. ii, 142.
[213] _Journal_, vol. i, 205.
[214] --_Ibid._, 225.
[215] Just what particular sets of resolutions those were I have no means
of knowing. The most important set of Chickasaw resolutions, those issued
under date of May 25, 1861 [_Official Records_, first ser., vol. iii,
585-587] had not yet been passed. The Choctaw resolutions presented may
have been and very probably were those of February 7, 1861 [_ibid._].
[216] On the twenty-first of May, President Davis approved "An Act for the
protection of the Indian Tribes" [_Journal_, 263], it having gone through
its various stages of amendment and having passed Congress, May
seventeenth [_ibid._, 244]. Adjutant-general G. W. Andrews reports,
November 4, 1912, that nothing additional concerning the text of this law
is to be found in the Confederate archives.
[217] _Journal_, vol. i, 244.
[218] Governor Clark of Texas, also, at this time displayed great interest
in the matter. On the fifteenth of May, he wrote to President Davis that
he was constituting James E. Harrison, a man thoroughly conversant with
the whole subject, "the duly accredited agent of Texas to convey" the
Report of April 23, 1861 to Richmond [_Official Records_, fourth ser.,
vol. i, 322].
[219] See letter from Pearce to President Davis, May 13, 1861 [_ibid._,
first ser., vol. iii, 576].
[220] _Official Records_, fourth ser., vol. i, 572-574.
[221] Pike was appointed under authority of a resolution passed by
Congress, March 5, 1861. See Message of President Davis, December 12, 1861
[_ibid._, fourth ser., vol. i, 785].
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