Although the Commissioner of Indian Affairs states that there are 25,000 Indians suffering from tuberculosis, the number is probably greatly in excess of that figure. In Minnesota alone, in 1909, I found the greater majority of the Indians suffering from tuberculosis, trachoma, or some form of scrofulous disease. It is not necessary to go into this subject in any detail. That disease among these poor people is rampant, is inexcusable. It is heart-rending. It is a blot on our escutcheon, and should have been removed long ago. Whether the delay in establishing preventive measures, until trachoma and tuberculosis became widespread, is due to ignorance, incompetency or carelessness, it is not my purpose to state. I have high respect for the personnel of the medical branch of the Service. The fault is not theirs, but solely due to meagre appropriations, and lack of proper reports from the inspection corps. I simply desire to cover this unpleasant subject with a blanket statement of facts that the condition is intolerable, and all of us have been criminally negligent. We introduced tuberculosis, trachoma, smallpox, measles, diphtheria and most of the other diseases. If any man or woman doubts the statement, let him or her read the narratives of travelers among Indians two centuries ago and compare the condition then, with that today. There is no earthly excuse why instead of three or four, there should not be fifteen or twenty doctors on every reservation. There is no reason why our rich, powerful Government does not appropriate two or three million dollars a year to put an end to the miseries we ourselves have introduced. Persons of prominence have called attention to the spread of disease in past years. Commissioner Leupp first noted that health conditions were bad, and increased his medical corps. But his successor, Honorable R. G. Valentine, made a health campaign the chief thing of his administration. He went before Congress and plead for increased appropriations. Great credit is due him for his humane efforts, which are continued by the present Service head, Mr. Sells.