places at least, to make apologies for human slavery; but when she arrays herself at the head of great movements like this, and insists on doing works of self-sacrifice, of mercy, of justice, of right, tell me not of any fears of infidelity. Then I am sure will come the noblest and the grandest triumphs of Christianity. But is this sufficient? My friend has already shown you that it is not. Great as this outpouring of munificence has been and is to be, it requires even more than that for the great base part, the fundamental part of the work, and that is the work of bringing about a state of things under which every child, white and black, shall be educated suitably to his or her duties. How shall this be done? Can it be done by private munificence, great as it is? I say no. The State of New York alone pays for primary education, common school education, every year, more than ten millions of dollars. We cannot expect this steady outpouring for this fundamental part of the system. As my friend has so ably shown, that can only be undertaken by humanity organized by States, and by the Nation. Can the States do it alone? Again I say no. It must be done by the Nation acting in concert with the States. The Nation must plant in every State which has not an educational system now, or which has not an adequate educational system, a nucleus of a system around which State endeavors may crystallize, which shall encourage these Southern States which have been so discouraged, which have been, as my distinguished friend has shown, so trodden down—so broken down I will say, not trodden down—so broken down by the events of the last twenty years. Now, how shall this be accomplished? There are two ways. The first is by direct appropriation. That has already been discussed before you. Fellow citizens, if it were to take twice or thrice the sum named it would not be felt by any tax-payer in this land. It would deprive not one man, woman or child in all this national domain of one single comfort. But suppose we cannot get Congress up to the mark of making an appropriation in money. There is another method. It was a method advocated perhaps more than fifty years ago, by that sainted friend of right and humanity, William Ellery Channing. That was the consecration—that was his word, and it was a most happy word—the consecration of the national domain, all of it that has not been given since by the homestead act and by various other acts for the promotion of various commercial enterprises, the consecration of the proceeds of the sales of the national domain, sacredly, to a fund for the education of the whole people to their great duties and their great destiny.