The American Postal Service: History of the Postal Service from the Earliest TimesMelius, Louis
History
The American Postal Service: History of the Postal Service from the Earliest Times
Melius, Louis
Postal service -- United States -- History
During the administration of Postmaster General Wickliffe of Kentucky
the question was raised what in the meaning of the postal law, Act of
1825, constitutes a newspaper. _The Shipping and Commercial List_ and
_New York Price Current_ claimed that it was a newspaper and entitled
to the newspaper rate. It had been so regarded prior to 1837, but
afterwards as subject to letter postage. The Postmaster General wanted
light upon the subject and the question was submitted to the Attorney
General, Hon. H. S. Legare for an opinion. As his spirited reply may
interest newspaper men of today as well as others, the principal parts
of the opinion are subjoined:
“The only light, a very uncertain one, is the use of the word,
‘newspaper’ in common parlance or in the English Stamp Acts. According
to the statute it must be (1) periodically published; (2) at intervals
not exceeding two days; (3) must contain public news or remarks thereon;
(4) that it contain not more than two sheets. Thus it may be admitted
that the paper must be published at short intervals, but what is a short
interval? There are many weekly newspapers, why not monthly? It may be
doubted whether the intervals need be exactly stated. The passing events
may be diversified according to the tastes, the fancies, the wants or
convenience of mankind. The monthly catalogue of new publications will
be of interest to a scholar, proceedings of tribunals to a lawyer,
theaters or new fashions in dress to the idle and the gay, etc.,
bulletins of battles to a soldier, price currents to a merchant, etc. A
newspaper is more likely to please a majority of readers which meets all
tastes. Why should a devout man be annoyed by puffs of opera dancers,
members of a total abstinence society with tempting sales of wines and
liquors, a plodding man of business with dissertations on books, or a
bookish man with columns of business advertisements?”
The decision states in conclusion that “_The Shipping and Commercial
List_ to be treated as a newspaper must be sent open and without any
written signature or note.”
Women in the Post Office Department
The women of the United States owe an everlasting debt of gratitude
to Frances E. Spinner for opening to them the door of opportunity for
employment in the public service. Salmon P. Chase was Secretary of
the Treasury in the administration of President Lincoln and General
Spinner was the Treasurer of the United States. Many of the clerks of
the Treasury had joined the army, and General Spinner suggested to the
Secretary the employment of women in their stead. Though his suggestion
met with considerable opposition at the time, the wishes of General
Spinner finally prevailed, and Secretary Chase gave his consent to the
appointment of women, and the avenues of public employment were opened
to them.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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