The American Quarterly Review, No. 18, June 1831 (Vol 9)Various
History
The American Quarterly Review, No. 18, June 1831 (Vol 9)
Various
Intellectual life -- Periodicals; United States -- Intellectual life -- 19th century -- Periodicals
It would not be difficult to select eloquent passages from this
discourse. We prefer, however, to take one containing what was then a
plain and adventurous prediction; but what is now passing into history
before our very eyes. We allude to the remarks on the principle of the
subdivision of property in France, as affecting the permanency of the
French government, which Mr. Webster ventured to call in question, on
the same general grounds, on which he undertook to prove the permanency
of our own.
"A most interesting experiment of the effect of a
subdivision of property on government, is now making in
France. It is understood, that the law regulating the
transmission of property, in that country, now divides it,
real and personal, among all the children, equally, both
sons and daughters; and that there is, also, a very great
restraint on the power of making dispositions of property by
will. It has been supposed, that the effects of this might
probably be, in time, to break up the soil into such small
subdivisions, that the proprietors would be too poor to
resist the encroachments of executive power. I think far
otherwise. What is lost in individual wealth, will be more
than gained in numbers, in intelligence, and in a sympathy
of sentiment. If, indeed, only one, or a few landholders
were to resist the crown, like the barons of England, they
must, of course, be great and powerful landholders with
multitudes of retainers, to promise success. But if the
proprietors of a given extent of territory are summoned to
resistance, there is no reason to believe that such
resistance would be less forcible, or less successful,
because the number of such proprietors should be great. Each
would perceive his own importance, and his own interest, and
would feel that natural elevation of character which the
consciousness of property inspires. A common sentiment would
unite all, and numbers would not only add strength, but
excite enthusiasm. It is true, that France possesses a vast
military force, under the direction of an hereditary
executive government, and military power, it is possible,
may overthrow any government. It is in vain, however, in
this period of the world, to look for security against
military power, to the arm of the great landholders. That
notion is derived from a state of things long since past; a
state in which a feudal baron, with his retainers, might
stand against the sovereign, who was himself but the
greatest baron, and his retainers. But at present, what
could the richest landholder do, against one regiment of
disciplined troops? Other securities, therefore, against the
prevalence of military power must be provided. Happily for
us, we are not so situated as that any purpose of national
defence requires, ordinarily and constantly, such a military
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