The Tamas formerly lived on the river Aguarico (Coleti). Dr. Crévaux found them on the Caguo, a branch of the Yapura, and obtained from them a short vocabulary, but enough to mark them as members of the stock.[422] There are also some on the Rio Meta who speak Spanish only. (Perez.) The Betoya has impressed me as showing some distant affinity to the Choco stock, and it may be that ampler resources on both sides would lead to the establishment of an original identity. The following words from the very scanty number which I have for comparison are noteworthy: CHOCO STOCK. BETOYA STOCK. Man, _uma-china_, _uma-soi_, _emi-ud_. Woman, _uerá_, _ro_. Fire, _tŭjoor_, _toa-tui_. Ear, _juru_, _ca-joro-so_. Nose, _jun_, _ju-saca_, _jin-quepui_. The Choco _do_, river, seems related to the Betoya _ocu-du_, water. The Macaguages are industrious and agricultural. Both sexes dress alike in cotton tunics dyed in violet color, and suspend bright feathers and strings of beads in ears, nose and lips.[423] A singular question has arisen as to the relationship of the Betoya and the Yarura languages. Their near connection was affirmed by the early missionaries. In fact, the history of the conversion of the Betoyas turns upon the identity of the two tongues. It was brought about in 1701 by a Yarura Indian, a convert to Christianity, who accidentally discovered that he was understood by the Betoyas. In spite of this detail, it is evident from an inspection of the vocabularies, that there is absolutely no relationship between the two idioms. I can only explain the contradiction as arising from some ambiguity or similarity of names. The two tribes lived together in the time of Gumilla, making up about three thousand souls.[424] About the middle of this century some six hundred of the Betoyas dwelt on the head-waters of the river Manacacia.[425] In the territory of St. Martin, above the falls of the Guaviare and along the Rio Guejar and the Meta, are several tribes asserted to speak related dialects, but of which I have little information. The principal one is that of the _Churoyas_, of whom Professor Nicolas Saenz has given an interesting sketch and a short vocabulary.[426] They are very ugly, with broad faces, low foreheads, small and oblique eyes, and in color like dried tobacco. Nudity is their usual garb, and the skin is decorated with tattoo marks instead of clothing. According to Perez they number about 1200.[427] Following him and other authorities, I may enumerate the following members of the CHUROYA LINGUISTIC STOCK. _Bisaniguas_, on the Rio Guejar. _Choroyas_, on the Rio Guejar. _Cofanes_, on the Rio Aguarico. _Guayues_, on the Rio Caqueta. _Macos_, on the Rio Aguarico.