[349] Dr. P. M. Rey, _Etude Anthropologique sur les Botocudos_, p. 51 and passim. (Paris, 1880.) Dr. Paul Ehrenreich, “Ueber die Botocudos,” in _Zeitschrift für Ethnologie_, 1887, Heft I. [350] Von Tschudi, _Reise in Sud Amerika_, Bd. II., p. 281. If this is one of their ancient arts, it is the only instance of the invention of an artificial light south of the Eskimos in America. [351] Dr. P. M. Rey states that the custom of kissing is known to them both as a sign of peace between men, and of affection from mothers to children. (_Et de Anthropologique sur les Botocudos_, p. 74, Paris, 1880.) This is unusual, and indeed I know no other native tribe who employed this sign of friendship. [352] Dr. Rey, _loc. cit._, p. 78, 79. [353] In the _Zeitschrift für Ethnologie_, 1887, s. 49. [354] A comparative vocabulary of these dialects is given by Von Martius, _Ethnographie und Sprachenkunde Amerikas_, Bd. I., s. 310. [355] In the _Transactions of the American Association for the Advancement of Science_, 1886, p. 329. The terms for comparison are borrowed from Von den Steinen’s Comparative Vocabulary of the Tapuya Dialects. [356] See D. G. Brinton, “The Arawack Language of Guiana in its Linguistic and Ethnological Relations,” in _Trans. of the Amer. Phil. Soc._, 1871. [357] Olivier Ordinaire, “Les Sauvages du Perou,” in _Revue d’Ethnographie_, 1887, p. 282. [358] C. Greiffenstein, in _Zeitschrift für Ethnologie_, 1878, s. 137. [359] Von Tschudi, _Organismus der Kechua Sprache_, p. 67. For other members of the Campas see Hervas, _Catalogo de las Lenguas Conocidas_, Tom. I., p. 262; Amich, _Compendio Historico de la Serafica Religion_, p. 35, and _Scottish Geog. Journal_, Feb., 1890. [360] D’Orbigny, _L’Homme Américain_, Tom. II., p. 104, note. [361] “Los Guanas son la mejor nacion de las barbaras hasta ahora descubiertas en America.” Hervas, _Catalogo de las Lenguas Conocidas_, Tom. I., p. 189. [362] _Expédition dans l’Amérique du Sud_, Tome II., p. 480. [363] _Compte-Rendu du Cong. Internat. des Américanistes_, 1888, p. 510. [364] The words from the Paiconeca and Saraveca are from D’Orbigny, _L’Homme Américain_, Tome I., p. 165; those from the Arawak stock from the table in Von den Steinen, _Durch Central-Brasilien_, s. 294. [365] Im Thurn, _Among the Indians of Guiana_, p. 165. Comp. Von den Steinen, _Durch Central Brasilien_, ss. 295, 307. [366] Sir Robert H. Schomburgk, in _Report of the Brit. Assoc. for the Adv. of Science_, 1848, pp. 96-98. See also Im Thurn, u. s., pp. 163, 272; Martius, _Ethnographie_, Bd. I., s. 683. [367] Lucien Adam, _Compte-Rendu du Congrès Internat. d’Américanistes_, 1888, p. 492. [368] “All the numerous branches of this stem,” says Virchow, “present the same type of skull.” _Zeitschrift für Ethnologie_, 1886, s. 695. [369] Everard F. im Thurn, _Among the Indians of Guiana_, p. 189. (London, 1883.)