At this point, it is important to be clear as to the difference between
"space" in psychology and "space" in physics. There is undoubtedly a
connection between the two, which it will be part of our business to
make clear at a later stage. But[Pg 144] the connection is very round-about
and inferential. At the outset, it is much more useful to realize the
difference between them than the connection, since much confusion of
thought arises from supposing the connection to be closer than it is.
In physics there is only one space, while in psychology there are
several for each individual; these can, it is true, be reduced by
manipulation to one for each individual, but they cannot be reduced
further without introducing obscurities that it is impossible to
dissipate. The space containing my visual objects has no point in
common with the space containing yours, since no visual object in my
world is precisely identical with one in yours. And the amalgamation of
the spaces of my different senses into one space is a piece of early
science, performed by the infant at about the age of three months.
Dr Whitehead, who is anxious to bridge the gulf between perception
and physics, seems to me to make his task too easy where space is
concerned. For example, he says:[35]
"The current doctrine of different kinds of space—tactual space,
visual space, and so on—arises entirely from the error of deducing
space from the relations between figures. With such a procedure, since
there are different types of figures for different types of sense,
evidently there must be different types of space for different types
of sense. And the demand created the supply. If, however, the modern
assimilation of space and time is to hold, we must go further and admit
different kinds of time for different kinds of sense—namely, a tactual
time, a visual time, and so on. If this be allowed, it is difficult
to understand how the disjecta membra of our perceptual experience
manage to collect themselves into a common world. For example, it would
require a pre-established harmony to secure that the visual newspaper
was delivered at the visual time of the visual breakfast in the visual
room, and also the tactual newspaper was delivered at the tactual
time of the tactual breakfast in the tactual room. It is difficult
enough for the plain man—such as the present author—to accept the
miracle of getting the two[Pg 145] newspapers into the two rooms daily with
such admirable exactitude at the same time. But the additional miracle
introduced by the two times is really incredible."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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