In order to develop this further, we must return to the view suggested
in connection with perception, that events occur, usually, in groups
arranged about centres. These centres may be taken to be places where
there is matter. It is found that, given events arranged about a
centre at one time, there are generally similar events arranged about
neighbouring centres at slightly earlier or later times. By taking
the centre very small, and by continually diminishing the time-like
interval concerned, this statement can be made more and more nearly
true; in the limit, when stated in the language of differentials, it
may be exactly true, except where quantum phenomena are concerned. In
their case, continuity is not the criterion, at least not continuity in
all respects. There is continuity in some respects, and in others there
is a jump of a definite amount connected with the quantum theory. This
case shows, however, that continuity is not the essence of material
identity; the essence is inferribility of a group of phenomena at one
time from a group at another, when both groups are arranged about
centres.[68] The time must be very short, and the inference is only
approximate, except in the limit, as the time tends towards zero.
Moreover, the time of the group is not any of the times at which the
several members of the group occur, but the calculated time at which
the group began to be propagated from the centre. The centre is "where
the piece of matter is," and the route of the piece of matter is
determined by the differential equations which result from the above
principle. But as to what are the actual events at the centre, we know
nothing except what follows from the fact that our percepts and "mental
states" are among the events which constitute the matter of our brains.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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