When, from a traditional point of view, two orbits cross each other,
this no longer happens from a relativity standpoint. We cannot assume,
that is to say, that there is a point from which two journeys are
possible. Two electrons never actually collide. When their orbits are
said to cross, all that is meant is this: In the system of co-ordinates
we have adopted, there is a point () which is part of
the history of one electron, and a point () which is
part of the history of the other. In another equally legitimate system
of co-ordinates, these two points would not have three co-ordinates
identical. And the fact that a certain orbit passes from ()
in a certain direction does not imply that there is an orbit
passing from () in a direction which is the same so
far as , , are concerned. Therefore the apparent
difficulties in the way of a discrete space are not necessarily
insuperable.
From our point of view, it is a difficulty in the quantum principle
that it is stated in a form involving energy, which, from a relativity
standpoint, requires re-interpretation. It is also a difficulty that
we do not know any laws determining when a transaction will
take place, and that we do not know whether it is really sudden or
not. For all these reasons, we are compelled to be very tentative in
philosophizing. I will, however, repeat the outcome of this chapter,
such as it is.
In one sense, the theory of space-time points as groups of events
requires that all change should be discontinuous. An event e is a
member of a certain set of space-time points, and of no others: the
boundaries of the region constituted by this set are the boundaries of
, so that it comes into existence suddenly and ceases to exist
suddenly. Nevertheless, we can, if necessary, provide for continuity
within this scheme.[Pg 363] Suppose a continuous series of qualities, like
the colours of the rainbow; suppose that, in some process, each of
these is compresent with its neighbours up to a certain distance in
either direction, but not with more distant members of the series. Then
the group of qualities existing at a point will change continuously,
although each separate quality changes discontinuously. We may suppose
this to be the nature of change between transactions, and in particular
during a rhythm. There is no proof that change is ever continuous, but
there is also no proof that it is not. We will assume, for the moment,
that change between transactions is continuous in the above sense, but
that transactions are discontinuous. This assumption is made only for
the sake of brevity of statement; it is not asserted to be true, or
even more probable than the opposite assumption.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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