If we consider attentively the system of man, we will be satisfied that
it accommodates itself to various states of action. It will perform a
healthy action, of which there is only one state, or a diseased action,
of which there are a hundred. The former is uniform, and homogeneous.
It may be raised or lowered, according to the state of the circulation,
but its nature is ever the same: when that changes—when it assumes
new characters—it is no longer the action of health, but of disease.
The latter may be multiplied to infinity, and varies with a thousand
circumstances; such as the organ which is affected, and the substance
which is taken. Now, drunkenness in the long run, is one of those
diseased actions. The system no longer acts with its original purity:
it is operated upon by a fictitious excitement, and, in the course of
time, assumes a state quite foreign to its original constitution—an
action which, however unhealthy, becomes, ultimately, in some measure,
natural. When we use opium for a long time, we cannot immediately get rid
of it, because it has given rise to a false action in the system—which
would suffer a sudden disorder if deprived of its accustomed stimulus.
To illustrate this, it may be mentioned, that when Abbas the Great
published an edict to prohibit the use of coquenar, (the juice of boiled
poppies,) on account of its dismal effects on the constitution, a great
mortality followed, which was only stopped at last by restoring the use
of the prohibited beverage. Disease, under such circumstances, triumphs
over health, and has established so strong a hold upon the body, that it
is dislodged with difficulty by its lawful possessor. When we wish to get
rid of opium, or any other narcotic to which we are accustomed, we must
do so by degrees, and let the healthy action gradually expel the diseased
one. Place spirits or wine in the situation of opium, and the results
will be the same. For these reasons, I am inclined to think, that,
in many cases at least, it would be improper and dangerous to remove
intoxicating liquors all at once from the drunkard. Such a proceeding
seems at variance with the established actions of the human body, and as
injudicious as unphilosophical.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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