The anatomy of the domestic fowlKaupp, B. F. (Benjamin Franklyn)
Science
The anatomy of the domestic fowl
Kaupp, B. F. (Benjamin Franklyn)
Poultry -- Anatomy
I. Preparation of the fresh tissue. If any parts are to be made
conspicuous, as blood-vessels, or the lymphatic system, they must be
injected with an insoluble, unbleachable substance. Spalteholz
recommended carmine or methylene blue, and carbon. I have found Higgin’s
ordinary black carbon ink excellent for this purpose. The system or
systems are injected with this substance while the tissue is perfectly
fresh.
II. Fixation. The tissues are fixed preferably in 10 per cent. formalin.
The length of time for fixation depends on the size of the tissue. In
formalin it requires from eight hours upward to fix completely.
III. Rinsing. Running tap water for five or ten minutes accomplishes the
rinsing. If it is impracticable to pass directly into the bleaching
fluid, the tissues may be kept temporarily in 60 per cent. or 70 per
cent. alcohol. They should then be rinsed again thoroughly in water when
ready to bleach.
IV. Bleaching. The bleaching fluid used is hydrogen peroxid to which
ammonia is added until a white precipitate forms. The proportion is
approximately two parts of peroxid and one of ammonia. The material is
bleached until all the color is removed and the tissue looks perfectly
clear or slightly opaque. It may be quite transparent as the protein
coagulate is somewhat white, but all yellow or reddish color should be
bleached away.
V. Washing. Rinse thoroughly in running tap water or through several
changes of water until the odor of ammonia is quite gone.
VI. Dehydration. Pass gradually through alcohol solutions, 30 per cent.,
50 per cent., 60 per cent., 70 per cent., 80 per cent., 95 per cent.,
and last through absolute alcohol. The time required for dehydration
will vary with the size of the material, but in either 95 per cent.
solution or in absolute alcohol the tissue should remain until well
hardened, twenty-four hours or more. Dehydration is completed by passing
from absolute alcohol, to a fluid one-half absolute alcohol and one-half
benzol; thence for a few days to pure benzol.
VII. Clarifying. From benzol the material is finally clarified in
winter-green oil or any other standard clearer, and put up in its final
position in the museum jar.
In commenting on this method Dr. A. F. Contant says: “I have found this
to work very successfully in the injection of the lymphatics of the
human skin, which, as you know, is a rather delicate injection and has
been difficult of demonstration by other methods. With this method,
however, I have prepared whole portions, as the side of the face, the
leg, etc., of small animals and embryos which show clearly the whole
course of the lymphatic vessels and nodes, in situ, and their relations
to surrounding parts.”
EQUIPMENT FOR THE DISSECTION LABORATORY
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account