The anatomy of the domestic fowlKaupp, B. F. (Benjamin Franklyn)
Science
The anatomy of the domestic fowl
Kaupp, B. F. (Benjamin Franklyn)
Poultry -- Anatomy
=Soleus= (Fig. 25, No. _G_, 1). _Location._—The posterior tibial region.
_Origin._—From the posterior part of the head of the tibia.
_Insertion._—By a long slender tendon to the proximal end and toward the
inner angle of the tibial cartilage, some of the fibers passing to the
tendon of the gastrocnemius.
_Shape._—Small, flattened.
_Relations._—Anteriorly, with the flexor perforans digitorum profundus
and posteriorly, with the gastrocnemius.
_Action._—Similar to that of the gastrocnemius.
=Peroneus Longus= (Fig. 23, No. 12). _Location._—Antero-lateral tibial
region.
_Origin._—From the raised crest in front of the head of the tibia, and
from the fascia that covers the outer side of the knee-joint.
_Insertion._—The fibers, passing downward, then downward and outward,
terminate in a small tendon at the lower third of the tibia. This tendon
bifurcates just above the tibial condyles at the outer part of the limb,
the shorter and stronger attaches to the fibrous fascia covering the
tibial cartilage, the other merging with the tendon of the flexor
perforatus medius primus pedis about 1 centimeter below the hypotarsus
of the tarso-metatarsus.
_Relations._—Covers over all the muscles of the anterior tibial region.
_Shape._—A broad muscular sheet.
_Action._—Assists the flexor perforatus medius primus pedis.
=Tibialis Anticus= (Fig. 24, No. 22). _Location._—In the anterior tibial
region.
_Origin._—The muscular belly may be easily divided into two parts. The
inner head extends from the head of the tibia immediately beneath the
peroneus longus. The outer head arises by a strong tendon from a
depression on the antero-inferior ridge of the outer condyle of the
femur.
_Insertion._—The tendon passing through the fibrous ligamentous loop
just above the tibial condyles, inserts to a tubercle on the shaft just
below the head of the tarso-metatarsus.
_Shape._—Large, fusiform.
_Relations._—Beneath the peroneus longus.
_Action._—Flexes the metatarsus upon the tibia.
=Extensor Longus Digitorum= (Fig. 25, No. _G_, 6). _Location._—Anterior
tibial region.
_Origin._—From the inferior portion of the crest and a portion of the
shaft of the fibula.
_Insertion._—It becomes tendinous at the lower third of the bone,
passing under the bony ridge just above the condyle in front, and over
the ankle-joint. It is bound down by firm fascia, and at the trochlea of
the basal toe joints, divides into three small tendinous slips. These
pass over the superior part of the second, the third, and the fourth
toes, bifurcating in their course, and are inserted to the distal ones.
_Shape._—Long, penniform, with a long, slender tendon.
_Relations._—Immediately below the tibialis anticus.
_Action._—Extends the digits as their long extensor.
=Extensor Hallucis Brevis= (Fig. 25, No. _G_, 4). _Location._—The
anterior metatarsal region, along the antero-internal edge.
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