The Anatomy of the Human Peritoneum and Abdominal Cavity: Considered from the Standpoint of Development and Comparative AnatomyHuntington, George S. (George Sumner)
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The Anatomy of the Human Peritoneum and Abdominal Cavity: Considered from the Standpoint of Development and Comparative Anatomy
Huntington, George S. (George Sumner)
Abdomen; Peritoneum
Fig. 279 shows a human foetal liver at the end of the eighth month in the
view from below and behind. The original continuity of the layers of the
lesser omentum, attached along the fissure for the ductus venosus, with
the fold of the falciform ligament occupying the umbilical fissure can
still be made out for a short distance beyond the left extremity of the
transverse fissure. The section of the lesser omentum which occupies the
transverse fissure and, including the portal vein, hepatic artery and
duct between its layers, terminates in the free right margin, is
evidently derived by a lateral extension from the right layer of the
primitive sagittal lesser omentum, whose original direction is preserved
along the fissure of the ductus venosus.
In Fig. 280 the lines of peritoneal reflection on the cephalic, dorsal
and caudal surfaces of a human foetal liver at term are shown.
[Illustration: FIG. 280.--Human foetal liver at term, showing lines of
peritoneal reflection on cephalic, dorsal, and caudal surfaces.
(Columbia University Museum, No. 1855.)]
We can now proceed to trace the reflection of the peritoneum from the
liver to adjacent structures.
Begin with the caudal layer of the coronary ligament on the extreme
right, where fusion with the corresponding cephalic layer produces the
right triangular ligament. The caudal layer of the coronary ligament
proceeds from right to left along the caudal margin of the
non-peritoneal dorsal diaphragmatic surface of right lobe, being
reflected along this line from the liver to the adjacent portions of the
diaphragm and ventral surface of right kidney and suprarenal capsule
(hepato-renal ligament). A small cephalic part of ventral surface of
right suprarenal capsule lies above this line of reflection, is hence
non-peritoneal and firmly connected with the liver just to the left of
entrance of vena cava into the caval fissure. Continuing, the caudal
layer of the coronary ligament crosses the ventral surface of the vena
cava and turns, immediately to the left of the vein, at a right angle,
ascending to form the left boundary of the Spigelian recess, being
reflected along this line from the left margin of the caval fissure to
the pillars of the diaphragm. Arrived at the opening of the central
tendon permitting passage of vena cava into pericardium, and at the
level of the entrance of the left hepatic vein into the cava, the
peritoneum turns again at a right angle and runs from right to left,
forming the cephalic limit of the Spigelian recess. Turning caudad along
the fissure for the ductus venosus, as right leaf of that portion of the
lesser omentum which is attached to this fissure and has preserved its
sagittal position, the peritoneal line of reflection reaches the left
extremity of the portal or transverse fissure. It now turns to the
right following the fissure as the dorsal layer of the transverse
segment of the lesser omentum, and becomes continuous, with the
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