The Anatomy of the Human Peritoneum and Abdominal Cavity: Considered from the Standpoint of Development and Comparative AnatomyHuntington, George S. (George Sumner)
Science
The Anatomy of the Human Peritoneum and Abdominal Cavity: Considered from the Standpoint of Development and Comparative Anatomy
Huntington, George S. (George Sumner)
Abdomen; Peritoneum
3. The ileo-colic junction is provided with a well-developed sacculated
caecal pouch derived from the proximal segment of the colon and divided
in the interior by folds into several secondary compartments.
[Illustration: FIG. 326.--_Iguana tuberculata_, iguana. Ileo-colic
junction and caecum; dried preparation. (Columbia University Museum, No.
243.)]
This type is found in some of the phytophagous lizards, as _Iguana
tuberculata_ (Figs. 326 and 327). The small intestine of this animal is
of considerable length and of uniform caliber from the pylorus to the
ileo-colic junction. The caecum is a large sacculated pouch developed
chiefly along the convex border of the large intestine opposite to the
mesenteric attachment.
[Illustration: FIG. 327.--_Iguana tuberculata_, iguana. Mid-gut,
ileo-colic junction, caecum, and end-gut; dried preparation. (Columbia
University Museum, No. 178.)]
[Illustration: FIG. 328.--_Iguana tuberculata_, iguana. Ileo-colic
junction and caecum in section. (Columbia University Museum, No. 1321.)]
[Illustration: FIG. 329.--Drawing taken from same preparation (No. 1321)
to elucidate more clearly internal structure of caecal pouch.]
[Illustration: FIG. 330.--_Cyclura teres_, smooth-backed cyclura.
Ileo-colic junction and caecum in section. (Columbia University Museum,
No. 1523.)]
The examination of the interior of this pouch reveals a complicated
structure (Figs. 328 and 329). Fig. 330 shows the same structures in a
closely allied form, _Cyclura teres_. The entrance of the small
intestine is guarded by an annular sphincter valve, whose central
circular opening leads into a proximal compartment of the caecum. This
compartment is in turn separated from the remainder of the caecal pouch
by a second circular valvular fold with central opening. Beyond this
valve the interior of the pouch carries a number of crescentic mucous
folds, corresponding to the external constrictions between the caecal
sacculations. The entire pouch gradually diminishes in caliber and
finally passes with a sharp angular bend into the terminal portion of
the endgut. At this point the lumen of the canal is slightly diminished
by a sphincter-like thickening of the muscularis, producing an annular
projection of the mucous membrane. The entire caecal pouch appears as a
specialized segment of the large intestine interposed between the
termination of the midgut and the terminal portion of the endgut, which
latter is characterized by uniform caliber and increased thickness of
the muscular walls.
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