The Ancient Bronze Implements, Weapons, and Ornaments, of Great Britain and Ireland.Evans, John
History
The Ancient Bronze Implements, Weapons, and Ornaments, of Great Britain and Ireland.
Evans, John
Bronze age -- Great Britain; Bronze age -- Ireland; Great Britain -- Antiquities
I have already mentioned a celt with a moulded top, which, on one of
its faces, is ornamented with a small projecting boss. In Fig. 122 is
shown an example with two pellets beneath the upper moulding. It was
found with others at High Roding, Essex, and is now in the British
Museum. Another with three such knobs on each face, placed near the
top of the instrument, is shown in Fig. 123. The original is in the
British Museum, and was found at Chrishall,[425] Essex, where also
several plain celts with single or double mouldings at the top, some
spear-heads, and a portion of a socketed knife were dug up.
A large brass coin of Hadrian, much defaced, is said to have been found
at the same time. As in other instances, the evidence on this point is
unsatisfactory, and if it could be sifted, would probably carry the
case no farther than to prove that the Roman coins and the bronze celts
were found near the same spot, and possibly by the same man, on the
same day. In illustration of this collection of objects of different
dates, I may mention that I lately purchased a fifteenth-century
_jeton_ as having been found with Merovingian gold ornaments.
[Illustration: Fig. 123.—Chrishall. ½]
[Illustration: Fig. 124.—Reach Fen. ½]
[Illustration: Fig. 125.—Barrington. ½]
Some of the Breton celts, in form like Fig. 120, have two or three
knobs on a level with the loop.
Another and common kind of ornament on the faces of socketed celts
consists of vertical lines, or ribs, extending from the moulding round
the mouth some distance down the faces of the blade. They vary in
number, but are rarely less than three. In some instances the ribs are
so slight as to be almost imperceptible, a circumstance which suggests
the probability of celts in actual use having served as the models or
patterns from which the moulds for casting others were made, as in each
successive moulding and casting any prominences such as these ribs
would be reduced or softened down. On any other supposition it is
difficult to conceive how an ornamentation so indistinct as almost to
escape observation could have originated. There are some celts which on
one face are quite smooth and plain, while on the other some traces of
the ribs may just be detected. The same is the case with some of the
celts which have the slightest possible traces of the “flanches,” such
as seen on Fig. 111. The smearing of metal moulds with clay, to prevent
the adhesion of the castings, would tend to obliterate such ornaments.
A celt with the vertical ribs from the hoard of Reach Fen, Cambridge,
is shown in Fig. 124. There are slight projecting beads running down
the angles. The three ribs die into the face of the blade. Another of
nearly the same type, but with coarse ribs somewhat curved, is shown
in Fig. 125. It has not the beads at the angles. This specimen was
found in company with a celt like Fig. 116, and with a gouge like Fig.
204, at Barrington, Cambridge, and is in my own collection.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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