The Ancient Bronze Implements, Weapons, and Ornaments, of Great Britain and Ireland.Evans, John
History
The Ancient Bronze Implements, Weapons, and Ornaments, of Great Britain and Ireland.
Evans, John
Bronze age -- Great Britain; Bronze age -- Ireland; Great Britain -- Antiquities
In that shown as Fig. 168 there is a slight shoulder below the
trumpet-shaped part of the mouth, and the loop, instead of springing
straight out from the neck, has its ends extended into four ridges,
running over the neck of the celt like half-buried roots.
An example of a celt with the loop attached in a similar manner has
been engraved by Wilde.[504] Another (3¾ inches) is in the collection
of Mr. R. Day, F.S.A.
Fig. 169 shows a finely patinated celt, with a triple moulding below
the expanding mouth, which was found near Belfast. With it are said to
have been found a set of three gold clasps, or so-called fibulæ, with
discs at each end of a slug-like half-ring (see Wilde, Figs. 594-598).
Curiously enough, I have another set of three of these ornaments, also
found together at Craighilly, near Ballymena, Co. Antrim. Mr. Robert
Day, F.S.A., has a specimen which also is one of three found together
in the Co. Down. It seems, therefore, probable that, like our modern
shirt-studs, these ornaments were worn in sets of three.
[Illustration: Fig. 169.—Belfast. ½]
[Illustration: Fig. 170.—Ireland. ½]
[Illustration: Fig. 171.—Ireland. ½]
A celt with four hands (3½ inches) has been engraved by Wilde.[505]
The middle member of the triple band is often much the largest.
A small example of the same type, but with a single band at the mouth,
is shown in Fig. 170. One from Co. Antrim, 1⅝ inch long and 1¼ inch
broad at the edge, is in the British Museum.
These oval-necked celts are occasionally, but rarely, decorated with
patterns cast in relief upon them. One of them, in the Museum of the
Royal Irish Academy,[506] is shown in Fig. 171.
Inside the sockets of most of the instruments of this class there
are near the bottom, where the two sides converge, one, two, or more
vertical ridges, probably destined to aid in steadying the haft.
In some instances the upper member of the moulding round the mouth is
cast in a cable pattern. Fig. 172 shows an example of this kind from
Athboy, Co. Meath, in the collection of Canon Greenwell, F.R.S. Others
are in the Museum of the Royal Irish Academy.
Socketed celts, with vertical ribs on the faces, are of rare
occurrence in Ireland. A specimen from Co. Meath, in Canon Greenwell’s
collection, is engraved as Fig. 173.
One (2⅝ inches) found near Cork, and now in Mr. Robert Day’s
collection, has six vertical ribs on each face, three on either
margin. They are placed close together, and vary in length, the
outer one being about twice as long as that in the middle, which is,
however, nearly three times as long as the innermost of the three ribs.
[Illustration: Fig. 172.—Athboy. ½]
[Illustration: Fig. 173.—Meath. ½]
[Illustration: Fig. 174—Ireland. ½]
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