The Ancient Bronze Implements, Weapons, and Ornaments, of Great Britain and Ireland.Evans, John
History
The Ancient Bronze Implements, Weapons, and Ornaments, of Great Britain and Ireland.
Evans, John
Bronze age -- Great Britain; Bronze age -- Ireland; Great Britain -- Antiquities
Fig. 2 represents a flat celt found in a barrow in the parish of
Butterwick, in the East Riding of Yorkshire, by the Rev. Canon
Greenwell, F.R.S., F.S.A.[153] It lay at the hips of the body of a
young man, at whose right hand the knife-dagger (Fig. 279) and the
bronze drill or pricker (Fig. 225) were found, accompanied by a flint
knife formed from a broad external flake.
[Illustration: Fig. 2.—Butterwick. ½]
In front of the chest were six buttons, five of jet and one
of sandstone, two of which are figured in my “Ancient Stone
Implements.”[154] The handle of the celt or axe-head could be plainly
traced by means of a dark line of decayed wood, and to all appearance
the weapon had been worn slung from the waist. “The blade is of
the simplest form, modelled on the pattern of the stone axe, and
may, it is probable, be regarded as the earliest type of bronze axe
antecedently to the appearance of either flanges or socket. It is 4
inches long, 2⅜ inches wide at the cutting edge, and 1⅛ inches at the
smaller end. It had evidently been fixed into a solid handle to a
depth of 2 inches.”
A very similar discovery to that at Butterwick was made by the late
Mr. Thomas Bateman in a barrow upon Parwich Moor, Derbyshire,[155]
called Shuttlestone, opened by him in June, 1848. In this case a
man of fine proportions and in the prime of life had been interred,
surrounded by fern-leaves and enveloped in a hide with the hair
inwards. Close to the head were a small flat bead of jet and a
circular flint (probably a “scraper”). In contact with the left arm
lay a bronze dagger, much like Fig. 279, with two rivets for the
attachment of the handle, which had been of horn. About the middle
of the left thigh was a bronze celt of the plainest axe-shaped type.
The cutting edge was turned towards the upper part of the person,
and the instrument itself had been inserted into a wooden shaft for
about 2 inches at the narrow end. The celt and dagger are engraved in
the _Archæological Association Journal_,[156] and the former in the
_Archæologia_.[157] It is about 5½ inches long, and in form much like
Fig. 19.
In a small barrow named Borther Low,[158] about two miles south of
Middleton by Youlgrave, Mr. William Bateman discovered a skeleton with
the remains of a plain coarse urn on the left side, a flint arrow-head
much burnt, a pair of canine teeth of either a fox, or a dog of the
same size, and a diminutive bronze celt. In the catalogue of the
Bateman Museum[159] this is described as “of the most primitive type,
closely resembling the stone celts in form,” and 2 inches only in
length. It is there stated to have been found with a flint spear, but
this seems to be a mistake for an arrow-head.[160]
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