The Ancient Bronze Implements, Weapons, and Ornaments, of Great Britain and Ireland.Evans, John
History
The Ancient Bronze Implements, Weapons, and Ornaments, of Great Britain and Ireland.
Evans, John
Bronze age -- Great Britain; Bronze age -- Ireland; Great Britain -- Antiquities
We have here an instance of bronze weapons occurring associated with
those of stone and with gold ornaments. Sir R. Colt Hoare has recorded
some other cases. In a bell-shaped barrow near Wilsford,[195] at the
feet of the skeleton of a tall man, he found a massive hammer of a
dark-coloured stone, some objects of bone, a whetstone with a groove
in the centre, and a bronze celt with small lateral flanges 3¼ inches
long. These were accompanied by a very curious object of twisted
bronze, apparently a ring about 4½ inches in diameter, having a tang
pierced with four rivet holes for fixing in a handle. In the ring
itself, opposite the tang, is a long oval hole, through which passes
one of three circular links forming a short chain.
In a barrow on Overton Hill,[196] Sir R. Colt Hoare found a contracted
skeleton buried either in the trunk of a tree or on a plank of wood.
Near the head were a small celt of this kind, an awl with a handle
(Fig. 227), and a small dagger, or, as he terms it, a “lance-head.”
The occurrence of celts of this character is not limited to interments
by inhumation. In another barrow of the Wilsford group Sir R. C. Hoare
found, in a cist 2 feet deep, a pile of burnt bones, an ivory (?) pin,
a rude ring of bone, and a small bronze celt, also with side flanges,
and only 2⅛ inches long.
Among other specimens of this form of celt may be cited one found on
Plumpton Plain,[197] near Lewes, Sussex, now in the British Museum;
one (4 inches) found near Dover in 1856; and one (6½ inches) from
Wye Down, Kent, both in the Mayer collection at Liverpool. Canon
Greenwell, F.R.S., has one (3½ inches) from March, Cambridgeshire.
Flanged celts much like Fig. 9 have been found in France. Some from
Haute-Saône,[198] Rhône, and Compiègne[199] (Oise) have been figured.
I have specimens from Evreux (Eure), Amiens (Somme), and Lyons.
The type also occurs in Italy[200] in some abundance; it is found
more rarely in Germany.[201] Examples from Denmark are figured by
Schreiber,[202] Segested,[203] and Madsen.[204] The form also occurs
in Sweden.[205]
A peculiar form of flanged celt is shown in Fig. 11. The flanges
extend as usual nearly to the edge, but at the upper part of the blade
are set down so as to project still farther over the faces, though at
a lower level. The original was found in the Thames,[206] and is the
property of Mr. T. Layton, F.S.A.
[Illustration: Fig. 11.—Thames. ½]. [Illustration: Fig. 12.—Norfolk.
½]
A small example, ornamented with a fluted pattern on the sides and
with the blade slightly tapering in each direction from a central
ridge, is shown in Fig. 12. The original was found in Norfolk, and is
in the collection of Mr. R. Fitch, F.S.A.
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