After a hard and inhuman servitude of twelve years, two young citizens, who were Plato’s disciples, and had been instructed in his maxims, formed a conspiracy against Clearchus, and slew him; but, though they delivered their country from the tyrant, the tyranny still subsisted. (M58) Timotheus, the son of Clearchus, assumed his place, and pursued his conduct for the space of fifteen years.(252) (M59) He was succeeded by his brother Dionysius, who was in danger of being dispossessed of his authority by Perdiccas; but as this last was soon destroyed, Dionysius contracted a friendship with Antigonus, whom he assisted against Ptolemy in the Cyprian war.(253) He espoused Amastris, the widow of Craterus, and daughter of Oxiathres, the brother of Darius. This alliance inspired him with so much courage, that he assumed the title of king, and enlarged his dominions by the addition of several places, which he seized, on the confines of Heraclea. (M60) He died two or three years before the battle of Ipsus, after a reign of thirty-three years, leaving two sons and a daughter under the tutelage and regency of Amastris. This princess was rendered happy in her administration, by the affection Antigonus entertained for her. She founded a city, and called it by her own name; into which she transplanted the inhabitants of three other cities, and espoused Lysimachus, after the death of Antigonus.(254) Kings of Syracuse. (M61) Hiero, and his son Hieronymus, reigned at Syracuse; the first fifty-four years, the second but one year. (M62) Syracuse recovered its liberty by the death of the last, but continued in the interest of the Carthaginians, which Hieronymus had caused it to espouse. (M63) His conduct obliged Marcellus to form the siege of that city, which he took the following year. I shall enlarge upon the history of these two kings in another place. Other Kings. Several kings likewise reigned in the Cimmerian Bosphorus, as also in Thrace, Cyrene in Africa, Paphlagonia, Colchis, Iberia, Albania, and a variety of other places; but their history is very uncertain, and their successions have but little regularity. These circumstances are very different with respect to the kingdom of the Parthians, who formed themselves, as we shall see in the sequel, into such a powerful monarchy, as became formidable even to the Roman empire. That of the Bactrians received its original about the same period: I shall treat of each in their proper places. Catalogue of the Editions of the principal Greek Authors cited in this Work. HERODOTUS. Francof. An. 1608. THUCYDIDES. Apud Henricum Stephanum, An. 1588. XENOPHON. Lutetiæ Parisiorum, apud Societatem Græcarum Editionum, An. 1625. POLYBIUS. Parisiis, An. 1609. DIODORUS SICULUS. Hanoviæ, Typis Wechelianis, An 1604. PLUTARCHUS. Lutetiæ Parisiorum, apud Societatem Græcanum Editionum, An. 1624. STRABO. Lutetiæ Parisiorum, Typis regiis, An. 1620. ATHENÆUS. Lugdani, An. 1612.