In some cases the whole handle is covered with the binding. Two such in the Dresden Historical Museum are engraved by Klemm.[533] Others have been figured by Prof. Giglioli.[534] Some of the war-axes (called taawisch or tsuskiah) in use among the natives of Nootka Sound[535] are mounted in this manner, but the socket end of the shaft is carved into the form of a grotesque human head, in the mouth of which the stone blade is |158| secured with cement, as in Fig. 97. In another instance the handle is carved into the form of a bird[536] and inlaid with mother-of-pearl, or, more properly speaking, shell of _haliotis_. The blade of basalt projects from the breast of the bird, the tail of which forms the handle. In some the blade goes right through the handle, so as to project equally on both sides of it, and is sharpened at both ends. [Illustration: Fig. 97.—Axe—Nootka Sound.] The socket in all these handles is usually at some little distance from their end, but even with this precaution, the wedge-like form of the celt must have rendered them very liable to split. It was probably with a view of avoiding this, that the intermediate socket of stag’s horn, so common in the Lake-dwellings of Switzerland, was adopted. The stone was firmly bedded in the horn, the end of which was usually worked into a square form, but slightly tapering, and with a shoulder all round to prevent its being driven into the wood. In the annexed woodcut (Fig. 98) is shown one of these sockets with the hatchet inserted. It was found at Concise, in the Lake of Neuchâtel. An analogous system for preventing the stone blade from splitting the haft was adopted in Burma, Cambodia, |159| and Eastern India, but the shoulders were there cut in the stone-blades themselves. One of the Swiss instruments in its complete form is shown in Fig. 99, which I have copied from Keller.[537] It was found at Robenhausen, and the club-like handle is of ash. Several other specimens are engraved by the same author and Professor Desor,[538] and by other more recent writers. [Illustration: Fig. 98.—Axe in stag’s-horn socket—Concise. 1∕2] [Illustration: Fig. 99.—Axe—Robenhausen. 1∕1] In some instances the stone was inserted lengthways[539] into the end of a tine of a stag’s horn at the part where it had been severed from the antler, so as to form a sort of chisel.[540] In other cases the socket was worked through the tine, and the stone blade fixed in it after the manner of an axe, though the handle was too short for the tool to be used for chopping. Some wooden handles[541] are also but a few inches long, so that the celts mounted in them must have been used for cutting by drawing them along the object to be cut.