The Ancient Volcanoes of Great Britain, Volume 1 (of 2)Geikie, Archibald
History
The Ancient Volcanoes of Great Britain, Volume 1 (of 2)
Geikie, Archibald
Volcanoes -- Great Britain
That the material of each of the two main ridges is the result of more
than one eruption has been inferred from the supposed intercalation
of bands of slate and of breccia in the rock.[105] Considerable
lithological differences may be detected in each mass, but they are not
greater than may be observed in single sills and bosses. In some parts
of the Llyn Padarn porphyry a distinct nodular structure appears which
shades off into bands and lenticular streaks, reminding one of the
characters of some of the Bala rhyolites. Other portions are markedly
brecciated, the separated fragments being surrounded in a matrix of
the rock, which shows flow-structure sweeping past them. On Moel Gronw
angular fragments of a dark pinkish tint are scattered through the
general mass. Again, some parts are crowded with quartz-grains, while
others are comparatively free of these, and occasionally a spherulitic
structure has been observed.[106]
[Footnote 105: See for example, Prof. Bonney, _Quart. Journ. Geol.
Soc._ vol. xxxv. (1879), p. 312; Mr. Blake, _op. cit._ vol. xliv.
(1888), pp. 277, 287. But some at least of the supposed "slates," as
stated in a previous footnote, have been since shown to be dykes.]
[Footnote 106: Mr. Blake, _ibid._ p. 277.]
The microscopic structure of this ancient eruptive rock has been
studied by Professor Bonney, who found that the general type was a
compact dull grey felsite, with porphyritic crystals of felspar and
grains of quartz, closely resembling some modern rhyolites. Though
unable to detect any actual glass in the base, he had no doubt that the
rock was originally vitreous, and he found abundant and fresh examples
of the most perfect flow-structure.[107]
[Footnote 107: _Op. cit._ vol. xxxv. p. 312.]
[Illustration: Fig. 42.--Basic dyke traversing quartz-porphyry and
converted into a kind of slate by cleavage. West side of Llyn Padarn.
_p_ _p_, quartz-porphyry; _d_ _d_, dyke and connected veins.]
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